The nurse is assigned to care for a client admitted to the hospital with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which medication does the nurse anticipate to administer?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bronchodilators (B) are anticipated for COPD to relieve airway obstruction and improve breathing, a primary treatment focus.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The oxygen cycle is defined as the movement of oxygen from the atmosphere through processes like photosynthesis and respiration, maintaining atmospheric oxygen levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pulse oximetry is used to obtain baseline information about the patient's oxygen saturation level and is also performed for patients with asthma. Diffusion capacity estimates the patient's ability to absorb alveolar gases and determines if a gas exchange problem exists. Maximal respiratory pressures help evaluate neuromuscular causes of respiratory dysfunction. Both tests are usually performed by a respiratory therapist. The physician or other advanced practice professional can perform a thoracentesis at the bedside with the nurse assisting, or in the radiology department.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Expiration is typically a passive process at rest, relying on the elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall rather than active muscle effort.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fatty foods and caffeine (e.g., coffee with coffee mate, bacon) lower cardiac sphincter pressure, increasing reflux risk.