The nurse is assessing the patient s cane for appropriate length. The nurse affirms that the appropriate cane has been selected when the:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A properly fitted cane supports posture and balance, with the hand grip ideally at hip level (greater trochanter height). This allows a natural 20-30 degree elbow bend when leaning on it, optimizing weight distribution and comfort. An elbow flexed at 45 degrees would be excessive, straining the arm. The cane tip touching outside the good foot relates to positioning during use, not length assessment. Removing the rubber tip during measurement is impractical and unsafe, as it's part of the cane's function. Hip-level grip ensures the cane aligns with the body's center of gravity, reducing fatigue and enhancing stability during ambulation, making it the standard for fitting.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Mild carpal tunnel syndrome can benefit from vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), which supports nerve health and may reduce inflammation or nerve sensitivity, offering relief for some patients. Studies suggest it helps in early stages, though evidence varies. Vitamin A aids vision and skin, not nerves directly. B12 supports nerve repair in deficiencies but isn't standard for carpal tunnel. Vitamin C boosts collagen but doesn't target nerve compression symptoms. B6's reported efficacy in this case aligns with its use as a conservative treatment, explaining the patient's relief without implying it's a universal cure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An antagonist is a muscle that opposes the action of the prime mover (agonist) and relaxes or yields to allow the intended movement to occur. For instance, when the biceps brachii (agonist) flexes the elbow, the triceps brachii (antagonist) extends it, working in opposition. This relationship ensures smooth, controlled motion and prevents overstretching. Compartment refers to a group of muscles, not an individual muscle's action. Anal triangle is a pelvic region, unrelated to muscle function in this context. Synergists assist the prime mover, not oppose it. The antagonist's role in opposing and yielding to the prime mover is a fundamental concept in muscle dynamics, making it the correct answer here, as it directly contrasts with the agonist's action while facilitating coordinated movement.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Most skeletal muscles cross at least one joint to produce movement, as their primary function is to move bones around joints by contracting between their origin and insertion. For example, the biceps brachii crosses the elbow joint to flex the forearm. Tendons connect muscles to bones but aren't crossed by muscles. Bones are attachment points, not crossed entities. Ligaments connect bones to bones, not typically spanned by muscles in this context. Joints are the correct answer, as muscles' biomechanical role hinges on crossing them to facilitate motion, a fundamental principle in musculoskeletal anatomy evident in nearly every bodily action.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: On the lateral abdomen, the muscle layers from superficial to deep are external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis. The external oblique runs diagonally downward and medially, the internal oblique courses upward and medially, and the transversus abdominis runs horizontally, deepest of the three, compressing the abdomen. Rectus abdominis is midline, not lateral, so it's excluded. Other options misorder the layers or include incorrect muscles. External oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis is the correct sequence, as it follows the anatomical layering of the lateral abdominal wall, critical for surgical or assessments.