ATI RN
Introduction to Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing the client who presented to the emergency department with a serum sodium level of 114 mEg/L. Which findings would the nurse relate to the serum sodium level? Select all that do not apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Warm, flushed skin. A serum sodium level of 114 mEg/L indicates hyponatremia. Hyponatremia causes water to move into cells, leading to cellular swelling and potential neurological symptoms. Muscle weakness, headache, and confusion are all associated with hyponatremia due to neurological effects. However, warm, flushed skin is not typically related to hyponatremia; instead, it may be seen in conditions like hyperthermia or vasodilation. Therefore, the nurse would not relate warm, flushed skin to the low serum sodium level in this case.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient who will begin taking propranolol (Inderal) to treat hypertension. The nurse learns that the patient has a history of asthma and diabetes. The nurse will take which action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Identify contraindications - Propranolol is contraindicated in patients with asthma due to its potential to exacerbate bronchospasm. Step 2: Recognize patient history - The patient has a history of asthma. Step 3: Assess for comorbidities - The patient also has diabetes, which is another consideration in selecting appropriate antihypertensive medication. Step 4: Consider safer alternatives - Given the contraindications and comorbidities, contacting the provider to discuss an alternative antihypertensive medication is the best course of action. Step 5: Monitor for adverse effects - Administering the medication without addressing the contraindications could lead to serious complications. Summary: Option B is correct as it addresses the contraindications and comorbidities, ensuring patient safety. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the potential risks associated with propranolol in this specific
Question 3 of 5
The nurse teaches a patient about the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates that teaching was effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because having the spouse sleep in another room reduces the risk of transmitting TB through close contact. This step indicates understanding of the need to prevent close contact with others to prevent the spread of TB. A, B, and D are incorrect: A: Taking the bus instead of driving does not relate to TB transmission. B: Staying indoors whenever possible does not address the issue of close contact with others. D: Keeping windows closed at home does not directly impact the transmission of TB through close contact with an infected individual.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a venous thromboembolism (VTE) is started on enoxaparin (Lovenox) and warfarin (Coumadin). The patient asks the nurse why two medications are necessary. Which response by the nurse is accurate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Lovenox (enoxaparin) is a low molecular weight heparin that works immediately to prevent further clot formation. Warfarin (Coumadin) takes several days to reach therapeutic levels and inhibit clotting factors. Therefore, the combination of both medications ensures immediate anticoagulant effects from Lovenox while waiting for Coumadin to take full effect. Explanation of other choices: A: Incorrect. Using two anticoagulants does not necessarily reduce the risk for recurrent venous thrombosis. B: Incorrect. Lovenox and Coumadin have different mechanisms of action and do not function solely in clot dissolution and prevention. D: Incorrect. The presence of a VTE does not inherently indicate an increased risk for pulmonary embolism.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who has tuberculosis asks the nurse why three drugs are used to treat this disease. The nurse will explain that multi-drug therapy is used to reduce the likelihood of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which has the potential to develop resistance to single drugs. Step 2: Multi-drug therapy involves using multiple drugs simultaneously to target different stages of bacterial growth. Step 3: This approach reduces the likelihood of drug resistance by preventing the bacteria from developing resistance to any single drug. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is C: Drug resistance. This explanation highlights the importance of using multiple drugs in tuberculosis treatment to prevent the development of resistant strains.