ATI RN
ATI Maternal Newborn Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a pregnant client with hyperemesis gravidarum. What is the priority nursing action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and maternal newborn care, the priority nursing action when assessing a pregnant client with hyperemesis gravidarum is to monitor for dehydration and electrolyte imbalances (Option A). This is crucial because hyperemesis gravidarum is characterized by severe nausea, vomiting, and electrolyte disturbances, which can lead to dehydration and pose risks to both the mother and the developing fetus. Monitoring for dehydration and electrolyte imbalances is essential to prevent complications such as hypovolemia, metabolic alkalosis, and ketosis. Dehydration can compromise maternal circulation, leading to reduced placental perfusion, which can negatively impact fetal well-being. Therefore, addressing fluid and electrolyte imbalances is the priority to ensure the health and safety of both the mother and the baby. Encouraging the client to eat small, frequent meals (Option B) may be beneficial in managing nausea and vomiting in some cases, but it is not the priority when the client is at risk of dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Providing antiemetic medication (Option C) can help manage symptoms, but it does not address the underlying issue of fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Assessing for fetal growth restriction (Option D) is important in the long-term management of the client but is not the immediate priority when the client's physiological needs are compromised. In an educational context, understanding the priority nursing actions in managing complications like hyperemesis gravidarum during pregnancy is essential for providing safe and effective care to pregnant clients. Nurses need to prioritize interventions based on the urgency of the situation and the potential risks to both the mother and the fetus. Monitoring for dehydration and electrolyte imbalances is a fundamental aspect of maternal care in such situations and should be addressed promptly to optimize outcomes for both the mother and the baby.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client about signs of postpartum hemorrhage. What statement indicates understanding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology in maternal newborn care, understanding the signs of postpartum hemorrhage is crucial for ensuring the well-being of both the mother and the newborn. The correct answer, option B ("Soaking one pad in an hour is concerning"), indicates understanding because it highlights a key indicator of postpartum hemorrhage, which is excessive bleeding. This statement reflects the importance of monitoring bleeding patterns closely after childbirth to promptly recognize and address any potential complications. Option A ("Passing a few clots is normal") is incorrect because while passing small clots can be normal in the immediate postpartum period, soaking a pad in an hour is a more significant and concerning amount of bleeding. Option C ("Heavy bleeding stops within 48 hours") is incorrect as it provides a misleading timeframe for the cessation of bleeding after childbirth. Postpartum bleeding can persist for several weeks, with the heaviest bleeding typically occurring within the first few days. Option D ("I should ignore mild cramping") is also incorrect as mild cramping can be a sign of uterine contractions, which are essential for postpartum recovery. However, if accompanied by soaking a pad in an hour, it could indicate a more serious issue like postpartum hemorrhage. Educationally, understanding the signs of postpartum hemorrhage is essential for nurses providing care to postpartum women. By recognizing these signs early, nurses can intervene promptly, potentially preventing serious complications associated with excessive postpartum bleeding. It underscores the importance of patient education and close monitoring in the postpartum period to ensure optimal outcomes for both the mother and the newborn.
Question 3 of 5
A client at 28 weeks' gestation reports feeling fewer fetal movements. What should the nurse recommend first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Drink a glass of juice and lie down. This recommendation is based on the fact that maternal perception of fetal movements can be influenced by factors such as maternal stress, fatigue, or low blood sugar levels. By consuming juice and lying down, the client may be able to stimulate the baby's movements due to the natural increase in blood sugar levels and relaxation. Option A) Perform a nonstress test may not be the first step as it involves going to a healthcare facility, and initial self-care measures should be attempted first. Option C) Notify the healthcare provider immediately may be considered if the client's condition does not improve after trying self-care measures. Option D) Schedule an ultrasound is not the initial step unless other interventions have been ineffective. Educationally, it is important to teach pregnant clients about monitoring fetal movements and when to seek help. Clients should be informed about simple measures they can take at home, like consuming juice and lying down, to assess fetal well-being before seeking medical intervention. Understanding these steps is crucial for promoting maternal and fetal health during pregnancy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client about signs of preterm labor. Which symptom should be reported immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "Lower back pain and cramping," should be reported immediately as a sign of preterm labor. Lower back pain and cramping can indicate cervical changes or contractions that may lead to preterm labor, posing a risk to both the mother and the baby. This symptom warrants prompt medical evaluation to assess for preterm labor and take necessary interventions to prevent premature birth. The other options are not as concerning as option B. Increased fetal movements (option A) are generally considered a positive sign of fetal well-being. Mild swelling of the feet (option C) is common in pregnancy but is not typically indicative of preterm labor. Occasional Braxton Hicks contractions (option D) are normal, irregular, and painless contractions that occur throughout pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, and they are not a cause for immediate concern unless they become regular, intense, or are accompanied by other signs of preterm labor. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses and expectant mothers to be aware of the signs and symptoms of preterm labor to ensure timely intervention and improve outcomes for both the mother and the baby. Teaching expectant mothers to recognize these signs empowers them to seek timely medical assistance when necessary, promoting maternal and neonatal well-being.
Question 5 of 5
Before giving a client oral combination contraceptives, which side effects should the nurse tell the patient to be aware of? Select one that does not apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and maternal newborn care, it is crucial for nurses to educate patients about potential side effects of medications, including oral combination contraceptives. The correct answer, B) Thick vaginal discharge, is not a common side effect of oral contraceptives. A) Irregular bleeding is a common side effect of oral contraceptives, especially during the first few months of use as the body adjusts to the hormones. C) Nausea is another common side effect, which usually subsides after a few weeks. D) Breast tenderness can also occur as a side effect of hormonal contraceptives due to hormonal changes in the body. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the side effects of medications to provide comprehensive patient education. By knowing the side effects, nurses can effectively counsel patients on what to expect and when to seek medical advice. This helps promote patient adherence to the prescribed treatment plan and ensures patient safety and well-being.