ATI RN
Vital Signs Assessment for Nurses Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient's skin and notes a raised, rough lesion with a wart-like appearance. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Seborrheic keratosis. This diagnosis is likely due to the lesion's raised, rough, and wart-like appearance, which is characteristic of seborrheic keratosis. Seborrheic keratosis is a common benign skin growth that typically appears in older individuals and presents as brown, black, or tan growths with a waxy, stuck-on appearance. It is important to note that seborrheic keratosis is non-cancerous and does not require immediate medical treatment. Summary: - B: Basal cell carcinoma typically presents as a pearly or waxy bump, not a raised, rough lesion with a wart-like appearance. - C: Actinic keratosis is a precancerous skin condition characterized by rough, scaly patches, not a raised, wart-like lesion. - D: Squamous cell carcinoma usually appears as a firm red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient's abdomen and notices rebound tenderness. What condition does this finding suggest?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rebound tenderness, where pain worsens upon releasing pressure, is a sign of peritonitis, inflammation of the abdominal lining. This suggests an urgent medical issue involving the peritoneum. Cholecystitis (A) is inflammation of the gallbladder, not the peritoneum. Appendicitis (C) involves the appendix, not the peritoneum. Diverticulitis (D) is inflammation of diverticula in the colon, not the peritoneum. Peritonitis is the correct answer due to the specific association of rebound tenderness with peritoneal inflammation.
Question 3 of 5
A 40-year-old woman presents with a complaint of frequent urination and increased thirst. She reports that these symptoms have been present for several weeks. She has a family history of diabetes mellitus. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most likely diagnosis for the 40-year-old woman presenting with frequent urination, increased thirst, and a family history of diabetes mellitus is diabetes mellitus (Choice A). 1. Symptoms of frequent urination and increased thirst are classic signs of diabetes mellitus. 2. Family history of diabetes increases the likelihood of developing the condition. 3. Other choices are less likely: - Urinary tract infection (Choice B) typically presents with symptoms such as pain or burning sensation during urination, fever, and cloudy urine. - Hypercalcemia (Choice C) is characterized by elevated levels of calcium in the blood and is not directly related to the symptoms described. - Cystitis (Choice D) is inflammation of the bladder and usually presents with symptoms like pain or discomfort in the pelvic area, frequent urination, and urgency to urinate. In summary, based on the patient's symptoms and family history, diabetes mellitus is the most likely diagnosis, while the other choices
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment and notes that the patient has rebound tenderness. What is the most likely cause of this finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rebound tenderness is indicative of peritonitis, an inflammation of the peritoneum. Appendicitis, which involves inflammation of the appendix, commonly leads to peritonitis due to perforation. Therefore, the correct answer is A: Appendicitis. Cholecystitis (B), pancreatitis (C), and diverticulitis (D) do not typically cause peritonitis and rebound tenderness.
Question 5 of 5
During an abdominal examination, the nurse palpates for liver enlargement. Which technique is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Palpation with deep pressure on the right upper quadrant. This technique is appropriate because the liver is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, and palpation with deep pressure allows the nurse to feel for any enlargement or abnormalities. Percussion (Choice A) is used to identify organ borders, not necessarily to assess for enlargement. Auscultation for liver bruits (Choice C) is not typically done during a routine abdominal examination for liver enlargement. Inspection for visible pulsations (Choice D) is more indicative of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, not liver enlargement.