The nurse is assessing a patient's mental status and observes that the patient is disoriented to time but oriented to person and place. How should this finding be documented?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the patient is only disoriented to time, not person and place. Being alert and oriented to person and place but not time indicates a specific level of disorientation. Choice B is incorrect as the patient is not disoriented to all spheres. Choice C is incorrect as the patient is not confused but disoriented. Choice D is incorrect as the patient is not fully oriented due to being disoriented to time. Therefore, the correct documentation should accurately reflect the patient's state of being alert and oriented to person and place but not time.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Seborrheic keratosis. This diagnosis is likely due to the lesion's raised, rough, and wart-like appearance, which is characteristic of seborrheic keratosis. Seborrheic keratosis is a common benign skin growth that typically appears in older individuals and presents as brown, black, or tan growths with a waxy, stuck-on appearance. It is important to note that seborrheic keratosis is non-cancerous and does not require immediate medical treatment. Summary: - B: Basal cell carcinoma typically presents as a pearly or waxy bump, not a raised, rough lesion with a wart-like appearance. - C: Actinic keratosis is a precancerous skin condition characterized by rough, scaly patches, not a raised, wart-like lesion. - D: Squamous cell carcinoma usually appears as a firm red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Severe respiratory distress. When a patient is using their neck muscles to breathe, it indicates that they are struggling to breathe effectively. This is a sign of increased work of breathing, which is commonly seen in severe respiratory distress. The neck muscles are recruited as accessory muscles to help with breathing when the respiratory system is compromised. This finding can be seen in conditions such as severe asthma, acute respiratory failure, or severe pneumonia. Therefore, the most likely cause of a patient using their neck muscles to breathe is severe respiratory distress. Summary: - Choice B (Hyperventilation): Hyperventilation is characterized by rapid and deep breathing, not necessarily the use of neck muscles to breathe. - Choice C (Pneumothorax): Pneumothorax typically presents with chest pain and shortness of breath, but not specifically with the use of neck muscles to breathe. - Choice D (Acute bronchitis): Acute bronchitis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rebound tenderness, where pain worsens upon releasing pressure, is a sign of peritonitis, inflammation of the abdominal lining. This suggests an urgent medical issue involving the peritoneum. Cholecystitis (A) is inflammation of the gallbladder, not the peritoneum. Appendicitis (C) involves the appendix, not the peritoneum. Diverticulitis (D) is inflammation of diverticula in the colon, not the peritoneum. Peritonitis is the correct answer due to the specific association of rebound tenderness with peritoneal inflammation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most likely diagnosis for the 40-year-old woman presenting with frequent urination, increased thirst, and a family history of diabetes mellitus is diabetes mellitus (Choice A). 1. Symptoms of frequent urination and increased thirst are classic signs of diabetes mellitus. 2. Family history of diabetes increases the likelihood of developing the condition. 3. Other choices are less likely: - Urinary tract infection (Choice B) typically presents with symptoms such as pain or burning sensation during urination, fever, and cloudy urine. - Hypercalcemia (Choice C) is characterized by elevated levels of calcium in the blood and is not directly related to the symptoms described. - Cystitis (Choice D) is inflammation of the bladder and usually presents with symptoms like pain or discomfort in the pelvic area, frequent urination, and urgency to urinate. In summary, based on the patient's symptoms and family history, diabetes mellitus is the most likely diagnosis, while the other choices