The nurse is assessing a patient's lungs and hears wheezing on expiration. What condition is most likely associated with this finding?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Asthma. Wheezing on expiration is a classic finding in asthma due to airway constriction. During expiration in asthma, the narrowed airways cause turbulent airflow, leading to the characteristic high-pitched wheezing sound. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways that results in reversible airflow obstruction. Pneumonia (B) typically presents with crackles on auscultation, not wheezing. Pulmonary edema (C) is associated with crackles and possibly wheezing on inspiration. COPD (D) may present with wheezing on both inspiration and expiration, but it is less likely than asthma to present with wheezing on expiration alone.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Choice B, Cranial nerve VII (facial nerve), is correct. This nerve innervates the muscles responsible for facial expressions, including raising the eyebrows. 2. Cranial nerve III (choice A) controls eye movements, not eyebrow elevation. 3. Cranial nerve IX (choice C) is involved in swallowing and taste sensation, not eyebrow movement. 4. Cranial nerve X (choice D) is responsible for various functions including regulating the heart and digestive system, not eyebrow movement. Summary: Choice B is correct as the facial nerve controls the muscles involved in raising the eyebrows. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not specifically associated with eyebrow movement.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A well-established physiological principle states that for every 1°F increase in body temperature, the pulse rate typically rises by about 5 beats per minute, making Choice C correct. This occurs because fever increases metabolic demand, prompting the heart to pump faster to deliver oxygen and nutrients. 3, and 4, underestimate this effect, while 6, slightly overestimates it based on standard clinical observations. For example, a person with a normal pulse of 70 bpm at 98.6°F might see it rise to 75 bpm at 99.6°F. This relationship is part of the bodys compensatory response to heat stress or infection, mediated by the autonomic nervous system. While individual variations exist due to age or fitness, 5 bpm is the widely accepted average in nursing and medical literature, making C the most accurate choice here.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Infants and children, is correct because their higher surface-area-to-mass ratio and immature thermoregulation cause rapid temperature shifts. Infants lack shivering efficiency and sweat less, while childrens thin skin and high metabolism amplify responses to heat/cold. Older adults, adapt slowly due to reduced metabolism and circulation. Women, and Men, vary less by sex than age. Pediatric nursing notes infants can drop to hypothermia or spike to hyperthermia fastere.g., a cold room lowers temperature in minutes. This vulnerability requires close monitoring, making A the precise answer per developmental physiology.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Radiant heaters provide controlled warmth, ideal for specific patients. An older adult with hypothermia needs warming but typically via blankets or warm fluids, not radiant heaters. A premature infant requires thermoregulation due to immature systems, making radiant heaters standard in neonatal care. An infant with jaundice uses phototherapy, not heat. A near-drowning child needs rewarming but not specifically via radiant heaters. Choice B is correct as premature infants' inability to maintain body temperature aligns with radiant heater use, a common NICU intervention supported by pediatric nursing protocols.