The nurse is assessing a new patient who has recently immigrated to CanadWhich of the following questions is appropriate to add to the health history questionnaire?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. It is important to know when the patient immigrated and from which country for understanding potential health risks, cultural factors, and access to healthcare. Choice A is too broad and may not yield relevant health information. Choice C focuses on personal reasons for leaving the home country, which may not be medically relevant. Choice D is forward-looking and may not be necessary for the initial assessment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, shortness of breath and weight gain, because fluid overload in patients with chronic kidney disease can lead to pulmonary edema and weight gain due to retained fluid. Shortness of breath occurs as the excess fluid accumulates in the lungs. Increased urine output and fatigue (B) are more indicative of dehydration. Dizziness and hypotension (C) are symptoms of hypovolemia, not fluid overload. Nausea and vomiting (D) are nonspecific symptoms and not typically associated with fluid overload.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Please point to articles in the room and parts of the body as I name them. This is the most important assessment for mental health in an aphasic patient post-stroke because it evaluates their comprehension, communication abilities, and cognitive function. Pointing to articles and body parts demonstrates understanding and ability to follow instructions, which are crucial aspects of mental health assessment in this context. A: Please count back from 100 by sevens - This choice involves memory and mathematical abilities, which may not accurately assess mental health in an aphasic patient. B: I will name three items and ask you to repeat them in a few minutes - This choice tests memory recall, which is not as relevant for assessing mental health in an aphasic patient post-stroke. D: What would you do if you found a stamped, addressed envelope on the sidewalk? - This choice assesses problem-solving skills, which may not be the most appropriate indicator of mental health in an aphasic patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inspection. This is because visual observation is typically the initial step in a physical assessment to gather information about the patient's overall appearance, skin color, posture, and any obvious abnormalities. Palpation (A) involves touching and feeling for abnormalities, which usually follows inspection. Percussion (C) is the technique of tapping on the body to assess underlying structures, and auscultation (D) is listening to sounds produced by the body, both of which typically come after inspection and palpation. Inspecting the patient first allows the nurse to establish a baseline before moving on to more detailed assessment techniques.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because encouraging deep breathing and coughing exercises helps to improve lung function and prevent complications in pneumonia. This intervention can help clear secretions, improve oxygenation, and prevent respiratory distress. Administering antibiotics (choice A) is important but not the priority for immediate patient care. Providing pain relief (choice C) is essential but addressing respiratory function is more critical. Monitoring oxygen saturation levels (choice D) is necessary, but promoting lung function through exercises takes precedence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: New immigrants face many challenges such as language barriers, cultural differences, lack of social support, and limited access to healthcare. Step 2: These factors can negatively impact their health by causing stress, mental health issues, and difficulties in accessing healthcare services. Step 3: Employment and stable housing are important factors for immigrants' health, but they alone may not address the broader issues affecting their well-being. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is A, as the health of new immigrants is indeed negatively affected by a combination of contributing factors beyond just employment and housing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encouraging early ambulation to prevent complications. Early ambulation after abdominal surgery helps prevent postoperative complications like deep vein thrombosis and pneumonia. It promotes circulation, aids in bowel function, and reduces the risk of atelectasis. Encouraging the patient to move also helps with pain management and overall recovery. Choice A: Administering antiemetics as needed. While addressing nausea and vomiting is important, it is not the top priority in this case. Choice C: Providing wound care and dressing changes. Wound care is crucial, but ensuring early ambulation takes precedence to prevent complications. Choice D: Monitoring for signs of infection. While monitoring for infection is essential, promoting early ambulation is a proactive measure to prevent various complications and enhance recovery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tremors and dizziness. Hypoglycemia is characterized by low blood sugar levels. Tremors and dizziness are common symptoms due to the brain not receiving enough glucose for energy. Tachycardia and nausea (choice A) are more indicative of hyperglycemia. Polyuria and polydipsia (choice B) are classic symptoms of hyperglycemia in diabetes. Weight loss and fatigue (choice D) are not specific symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Blood pressure. Dizziness, blurred vision, and nausea can be symptoms of hypotension or hypertension. Assessing the patient's blood pressure first is crucial to determine if the symptoms are related to blood pressure fluctuations. Electrolyte levels (A) and blood glucose levels (C) may be assessed later but do not address the immediate concern. Temperature and respiratory rate (D) are important assessments but are not the priority in this scenario where cardiovascular status needs to be evaluated first.