ATI RN
Pediatric HESI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with multiple myeloma. The nurse should keep in mind that clients with multiple myeloma are at risk for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients with multiple myeloma are at increased risk for pathologic bone fractures due to the disease's effects on bone tissue. Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell found in the bone marrow. The growth of abnormal plasma cells weakens the bone structure, leading to bone lesions and an increased risk of fractures. The bone lesions can cause pain, bone deformities, and complications such as hypercalcemia. Therefore, nurses caring for clients with multiple myeloma should prioritize interventions to prevent pathologic bone fractures and manage bone health.
Question 2 of 5
A client is undergoing a diagnostic workup for suspected thyroid cancer. What is the most common form of thyroid cancer in adults?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Papillary carcinoma is the most common form of thyroid cancer in adults, accounting for approximately 80% of all thyroid cancers. It typically affects individuals in their 30s and 40s and has an excellent prognosis with high survival rates, especially when detected early. Papillary carcinoma arises from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland and is known for its characteristic papillary growth pattern. It often presents as a painless thyroid nodule and may be associated with a history of radiation exposure. Treatment usually involves surgery to remove the thyroid gland (thyroidectomy) followed by radioactive iodine therapy and thyroid hormone replacement.
Question 3 of 5
A client in the terminal stage of cancer is receiving continuous infusion of morphine (Duramorph) for pain management. Which assessment finding suggests that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of this drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The assessment finding that suggests the client is experiencing an adverse effect of morphine (Duramorph) is a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. Morphine is a potent opioid analgesic that can cause respiratory depression as a side effect. When the respiratory rate decreases significantly, it indicates the potential for compromised breathing, which could progress to respiratory failure. This is a serious adverse effect that requires immediate attention and evaluation by healthcare providers. The client receiving continuous infusion of morphine should be closely monitored for signs of respiratory depression to prevent life-threatening consequences.
Question 4 of 5
After a transsphenoidal adenohypophysectomy, a client is likely to undergo hormone replacement therapy. A transsphenoidal adenohypophysectomy is performed to treat which type of cancer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A transsphenoidal adenohypophysectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove benign or malignant tumors located in the pituitary gland. Pituitary carcinoma refers to a type of cancer that originates in the pituitary gland. Therefore, this surgery is indicated for treating pituitary carcinoma by removing the tumor from the pituitary gland. After the surgery, hormone replacement therapy may be necessary to replace the hormones that were previously produced by the removed adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary gland).
Question 5 of 5
Then the drug is stopped. When should treatment resume?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The drug should be resumed when the WBC (white blood cell) count falls to 5,000/mm3. This is the appropriate indicator to monitor as a low WBC count may indicate the need for the medication to be restarted to support the immune system. It is important to closely monitor the WBC count as it is a crucial factor in gauging the body's ability to fight infections effectively. Resuming treatment at this point helps ensure that the client's immune system remains stable and can continue to function properly.