ATI RN
Oxygenation NCLEX Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with emphysema. Which finding is most indicative of this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Barrel-shaped chest. In emphysema, the destruction of lung tissue leads to hyperinflation and increased lung volume, resulting in a barrel-shaped chest. This finding is characteristic of emphysema and distinguishes it from other respiratory conditions. A: Productive cough with thick sputum is more indicative of chronic bronchitis. C: Inspiratory crackles in lung bases are more commonly associated with conditions like pneumonia or heart failure. D: Peripheral cyanosis is a sign of poor circulation or decreased oxygen levels in the blood, not specific to emphysema. In summary, the barrel-shaped chest is the most specific and characteristic finding of emphysema, while the other choices are more commonly associated with different respiratory conditions.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse assesses a patient diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Which finding requires the most immediate action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the discontinuation of epoprostenol infusion in a patient with IPAH can lead to a sudden and severe worsening of symptoms, including potentially life-threatening pulmonary hypertension crisis. This requires immediate action to prevent complications. A: An O2 saturation of 90% is within an acceptable range and does not indicate an immediate crisis. B: A blood pressure of 98/56 mm Hg is slightly low but not critically abnormal to require immediate intervention. D: A prolonged INR may indicate altered coagulation but is not an immediate concern compared to the abrupt discontinuation of a critical medication like epoprostenol.
Question 3 of 5
Which instruction is most important to include in discharge teaching for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use pursed-lip breathing during activities. Pursed-lip breathing helps COPD patients improve breathing efficiency by reducing air trapping. It slows down breathing rate and helps control shortness of breath during activities. This instruction is crucial for managing COPD symptoms. Choice B is incorrect because increasing oxygen flow rate without medical advice can be harmful and is not recommended as a self-management strategy for COPD. Choice C is incorrect as limiting fluid intake can lead to dehydration and worsen COPD symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as vaccinations are crucial for COPD patients to prevent respiratory infections and complications.
Question 4 of 5
Which intervention is a priority for a patient experiencing severe respiratory distress?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because positioning the patient upright and providing oxygen therapy is crucial in severe respiratory distress to optimize oxygenation. This position helps improve lung expansion and ventilation. Administering a sedative (choice A) may worsen respiratory depression. Performing a complete physical assessment (choice B) is important but not the priority in an emergency situation. Initiating chest physiotherapy (choice D) can be beneficial but is not as immediate as providing oxygen and positioning.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse teaches a patient about incentive spirometer use post-surgery. Which statement indicates further teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Exhaling into the device does not clear the lungs; the incentive spirometer is used for inhaling to improve lung function. A is correct as using the spirometer hourly promotes lung expansion. B is incorrect as the device measures inspired volume, not lung capacity. D is correct as using the spirometer helps prevent lung complications. In summary, option C is incorrect because exhaling into the device does not serve the intended purpose of the incentive spirometer, which is to promote deep inhalation.