The nurse is assessing a client for reproductive health problems. What assessments are most important? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bleeding. Assessing for abnormal bleeding is crucial in reproductive health as it can indicate various conditions such as hormonal imbalances, infections, or malignancies. Bleeding can provide important clues about the client's menstrual cycle, potential pregnancy complications, or underlying health issues. Pain (B) is important but may be more subjective and can be related to various factors beyond reproductive health. Sexual orientation (C) is not directly related to assessing reproductive health problems. Masses (D) can be important but may not be as common or specific as abnormal bleeding in reproductive health assessments.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because increasing ICSH (Luteinizing Hormone) inhibits testosterone production by exerting negative feedback on the testes. ICSH stimulates Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone. When testosterone levels rise, it signals the pituitary gland to decrease ICSH secretion, thus inhibiting further testosterone production. A: Increasing FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) does not inhibit testosterone production. C: Decreasing ICSH would lead to reduced stimulation of Leydig cells and lower testosterone production. D: Decreasing FSH would not directly inhibit testosterone production as FSH primarily stimulates sperm production in the testes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: cervix. The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus that protrudes into the vaginal canal. It is located at the superior region of the vagina. The vaginal orifice (A) refers to the opening of the vagina, not the superior region. The hymen (C) is a thin membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening and is not related to the superior region. Vaginal rugae (D) are the ridges or folds in the vaginal wall that allow for expansion, which are not specific to the superior region.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: estrogen. Estrogen is produced throughout the menstrual cycle by the ovaries. It plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle, promoting the growth of the uterine lining, and preparing the body for ovulation. FSH and LH are involved in stimulating the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone, respectively. Progesterone is mainly produced in the second half of the menstrual cycle, after ovulation, to support pregnancy. Therefore, estrogen is the hormone that is produced consistently throughout the menstrual cycle, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: oxytocin. Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for initiating and sustaining labor contractions by stimulating the uterine muscles. It acts on the smooth muscle cells of the uterus to increase contractions. Estrogen (A) plays a role in preparing the uterus for labor but doesn't initiate contractions. HCG (B) is a hormone produced during pregnancy but is not directly involved in labor. Relaxin (C) helps relax the pelvic ligaments to facilitate childbirth, but it doesn't initiate contractions.