ATI RN
Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a child after a cardiac catheterization. Which complication should the nurse be assessing for?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After a cardiac catheterization, the nurse should be assessing for the development of cardiac arrhythmias, as this is a potential complication associated with the procedure. Cardiac arrhythmias can occur due to irritation of the heart during the catheterization, changes in electrolyte levels, or other factors related to the procedure. Monitoring the child's cardiac rhythm closely allows for early detection and management of arrhythmias to prevent serious complications. While other complications such as hypostatic pneumonia, heart failure, and rapidly increasing blood pressure can also occur, cardiac arrhythmia is the most important complication to assess for immediately post-cardiac catheterization.
Question 2 of 5
Assume you are going to estimate the prevalence of amoebic dysentery in a small country which harbors a total number of population of 530,000; you find that 57,000 of the population are infected by the disease. The prevalence of this disease is closest to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prevalence = (Number of infected / Total population) * 100 = (57,000 / 530,000) * 100 ≈ 10.75%.
Question 3 of 5
A client with hyperglycemia, which assessment finding best supports a nursing diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased urine osmolarity would best support the nursing diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume in a client with hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can lead to osmotic diuresis, where the body excretes excessive amounts of water to help eliminate glucose. This results in concentrated urine with a higher osmolarity. A high urine osmolarity indicates that the kidneys are conserving water due to decreased fluid volume in the body, supporting the diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume. The other assessment findings (cool, clammy skin, distended neck veins, serum sodium level) are not specific to the diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A 2-month-old premature infant born at 30 weeks gestation is scheduled for an inguinal hernia repair. Which of the following preoperative findings would BEST predict an increased risk of postoperative apnea?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low hemoglobin levels in a premature infant can increase the risk of postoperative apnea due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following lab value profiles should the nurse know to be consistent with hemolytic anemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemolytic anemias are characterized by the premature destruction of red blood cells. As a result, the lab values typically seen in hemolytic anemia include decreased red blood cell counts (RBC), increased bilirubin (due to the breakdown of red blood cells), decreased hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels, and increased reticulocytes (immature red blood cells released from the bone marrow in response to the increased demand for red blood cell production). Therefore, profile B aligns with the expected lab values consistent with hemolytic anemia.