The nurse is assessing a 6-month-old healthy infant who weighed 7 pounds at birth. The nurse should expect the infant to now weigh approximately how many pounds?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, monitoring infant growth and development is crucial for assessing overall health. At 6 months, infants typically double their birth weight. A healthy infant who weighed 7 pounds at birth would be expected to weigh around 14 pounds at 6 months, aligning with option B. This weight gain reflects proper nutrition and growth. Option A (10 pounds) is too low for a 6-month-old infant who started at 7 pounds. This weight would not be indicative of healthy growth and development. Option C (20 pounds) and option D (25 pounds) are too high for a 6-month-old infant who started at 7 pounds. These weights would be excessive and could indicate overnutrition or other health issues. Educationally, understanding normal growth patterns in infants is essential for nurses to identify deviations that may indicate underlying health concerns. This knowledge helps nurses provide appropriate care, support parental education, and intervene early if growth is not progressing as expected. Monitoring weight gain is a key component of pediatric assessments and can alert healthcare providers to possible issues that may require further evaluation or intervention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Discuss with the parents the importance of appropriate clothing for infants. This option is the most appropriate response because it focuses on the importance of appropriate clothing for infants rather than making assumptions about the family's financial situation or offering unsolicited advice. Option A) Question the parents about their financial situation is invasive and could lead to unnecessary embarrassment or discomfort for the parents. It is not the nurse's role to pry into personal financial matters unless related to the child's health and safety. Option B) Ask the parents if they receive assistance for clothing also assumes financial need without any evidence. It may come across as judgmental and could strain the nurse-parent relationship. Option C) Advise the parents on budget-friendly clothing options could be perceived as condescending or presumptuous. It is essential to approach discussions about clothing with sensitivity and respect for the parents' choices and circumstances. In an educational context, it is crucial for nursing students to understand the importance of cultural sensitivity, professionalism, and non-judgmental communication when interacting with families. Discussing the significance of appropriate clothing for infants can be a way to educate parents on factors like safety, comfort, and developmental needs without making assumptions or passing judgment. It promotes a collaborative and respectful approach to addressing parenting concerns.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) 8-12 years for the mean age range of breast bud appearance (thelarche) in females. This age range aligns with the typical onset of breast development in girls during puberty. It is important to understand the normal variations in the timing of pubertal milestones to monitor for any deviations that may indicate underlying health concerns. Option A) 5-9 years is too early for the average age of thelarche in females. Girls typically experience breast development closer to the onset of puberty around ages 8-12 years. Option B) 6-10 years is also too early for the mean age range of thelarche. While some girls may start developing breasts around age 6, it is not the average age for this pubertal milestone. Option C) 7-11 years is closer to the correct range, but it still underestimates the typical age range for breast bud appearance in females. Puberty usually begins around 8-12 years of age, which is when breast development commonly starts. Understanding the normal progression of puberty milestones in pediatric nursing is crucial for assessing growth and development, identifying potential health issues, and providing appropriate support and education to patients and their families. By knowing the average age range for thelarche, nurses can offer anticipatory guidance and address any concerns related to puberty in young girls effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) amphetamine. The presentation described aligns with amphetamine toxicity symptoms, including delusions, paranoia, tachycardia, hypertension, hyperpyrexia, diaphoresis, piloerection, mydriasis, hyperreflexia, seizures, hypotension, and dysrhythmia. Understanding the effects of amphetamines is crucial in pediatric nursing as they are increasingly misused by adolescents for various reasons, leading to potentially life-threatening situations. Option A) antidepressant agents typically do not cause the array of symptoms described. Barbiturates (C) usually present with respiratory depression, hypotension, and CNS depression, not the hyperstimulation seen in the case. Benzodiazepines (D) would manifest with CNS depression, sedation, and respiratory depression, contrasting the symptoms presented. Educationally, this question reinforces the importance of recognizing drug toxicity in adolescents, highlighting the need for vigilance in assessment and the critical role of pediatric nurses in identifying and managing such cases promptly to prevent adverse outcomes. Understanding these distinctions is vital for providing safe and effective care to pediatric patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) heart failure. Rapid and deep breathing without other signs of respiratory distress is known as Kussmaul breathing and is often seen in conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis (option A) and renal tubular acidosis (option B) due to metabolic acidosis. Additionally, CNS stimulants (option D) can also lead to increased respiratory rate. Heart failure, however, typically presents with respiratory distress due to pulmonary congestion and edema, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, crackles in the lungs, and possibly cyanosis. Therefore, in a case of rapid and deep breathing without these typical signs of respiratory distress, heart failure is less likely to be the cause. In an educational context, understanding the differentiating signs and symptoms of various pediatric conditions is crucial for accurate clinical assessment and intervention. By recognizing the unique presentations of different pathologies, healthcare providers can make timely and appropriate decisions in the care of pediatric patients. This knowledge helps in providing safe and effective care tailored to the specific needs of each child.