ATI RN
Dewits Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is analyzing data collected after assessing a child with a congenital heart defect that decreases pulmonary blood flow. Which nursing diagnosis would be applicable for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A congenital heart defect that decreases pulmonary blood flow can lead to reduced cardiac output. Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute, and a decrease in pulmonary blood flow can affect the heart's ability to effectively pump blood to the body. Therefore, the appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client would be Decreased Cardiac Output. This diagnosis reflects the underlying physiological issue caused by the congenital heart defect and guides the nurse in planning appropriate interventions to support and optimize the child's cardiac function.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted to labor and delivery. What should the nurse recognize as risk factors for disseminating intravascular coagulation (DIC)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a serious condition characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade and consumption of clotting factors, leading to both thrombosis and bleeding. Risk factors for DIC include conditions that cause significant tissue injury, which can trigger the coagulation pathway.
Question 3 of 5
Which is true about the physiology of neuroendocrine compensatory mechanism?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the statement accurately reflects the physiology of the neuroendocrine compensatory mechanism. When there is a decrease in cardiac output, the body activates the sympathetic nervous system and releases catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. These catecholamines help increase heart rate, contractility, and vasoconstriction to maintain blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs. This compensatory mechanism aims to overcome the decreased cardiac output and maintain adequate tissue perfusion in response to stress or reduced blood flow.
Question 4 of 5
A urine dipstick test reveals a trace amount of protein. The nurse identifies which nursing diagnosis as appropriate for the client at this time?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A trace amount of protein in the urine dipstick test can indicate proteinuria, which can be a sign of kidney dysfunction. The presence of protein in the urine may lead to fluid retention and potential imbalances in fluid volume. Therefore, the appropriate nursing diagnosis in this situation would be "Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume," as monitoring and management of fluid balance would be crucial for the client's overall health and prevention of further complications related to kidney function.
Question 5 of 5
Which property of cardiac cells is mechanical in nature?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Contractility is the property of cardiac cells that is mechanical in nature. It refers to the ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract in response to an electrical stimulus. This contraction is what enables the heart to pump blood throughout the body. Contractility is essential for maintaining cardiac output and overall cardiovascular function. While automaticity, excitability, and conductivity are also important properties of cardiac cells, they are primarily related to the electrical activity of the heart rather than the mechanical function of contraction.