ATI RN
Infection Prevention and Control NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is admitting a patient with an infectious disease process. Which question will be most appropriate for a nurse to ask about the patient’s susceptibility to this infectious process?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Do you have a chronic disease?" This question is most appropriate as chronic diseases can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infectious diseases. Susceptibility is linked to underlying health conditions. Choice A is irrelevant to susceptibility. Choice C focuses on family members, not the patient's own susceptibility. Choice D is unrelated to the patient's susceptibility to the infectious process.
Question 2 of 5
A diabetic patient presents to the clinic for a dressing change. The wound is located on the right foot and has purulent yellow drainage. Which action will the nurse take to prevent the spread of infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Donning gloves and appropriate personal protective equipment is crucial to prevent the spread of infection when dealing with purulent drainage in a diabetic patient. Here's the rationale: 1. Gloves prevent direct contact with potentially infectious material. 2. Personal protective equipment (e.g., gown, mask) further reduces the risk of contamination. 3. Properly disposing of PPE after use prevents cross-contamination. 4. Positioning the patient comfortably (A) and explaining the procedure (B) are important but do not directly address infection control. Reviewing the medication list (C) is relevant but not the immediate action needed to prevent infection spread.
Question 3 of 5
Which nursing action will most likely increase a patient’s risk for developing a health care–associated infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because using a clean technique for inserting a urinary catheter can introduce bacteria into the patient's urinary tract, increasing the risk of a healthcare-associated infection. Aseptic technique should be used for invasive procedures like catheter insertion to prevent infection. Choices A, C, and D involve appropriate infection control measures to reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient will the nurse see first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Clostridium difficile is highly contagious and can spread easily in healthcare settings. Droplet precautions are required for preventing transmission. The nurse should see this patient first to prevent the spread of infection. B, TB requires airborne precautions, but it is not as easily transmissible as C. MRSA requires contact precautions, less urgent than droplet precautions. D, a lung transplant patient in a protective environment, is at risk for infection but does not pose an immediate threat to others.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is changing linens for a postoperative patient and feels a prick in the left hand. A nonactivated safe needle is noted in the linens. For which condition is the nurse most at risk?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hepatitis B. The nurse is most at risk for Hepatitis B because it is a bloodborne virus that can be transmitted through needlestick injuries. Hepatitis B can lead to chronic liver infection and liver cancer. The other options are not transmitted through blood exposure: A: Diphtheria is a bacterial infection spread through respiratory droplets. C: Clostridium difficile is a bacteria that causes gastrointestinal infections. D: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a bacteria that causes skin infections and is not typically transmitted through needlestick injuries.