The nurse is admitting a child with rheumatic fever. Which therapeutic management should the nurse expect to implement?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Therapeutic management for rheumatic fever includes administering penicillin to eradicate the streptococcal infection, avoiding salicylates (aspirin) to prevent Reye's syndrome, and imposing strict bed rest for the acute phase to decrease cardiac workload and prevent joint complications. Corticosteroids are used if chorea (involuntary movement disorder) develops to reduce inflammation and control symptoms. Therefore, the nurse should expect to administer corticosteroids if chorea develops in a child with rheumatic fever.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Drinking cranberry juice can help decrease the odor of urine due to its acidic nature. The acid in cranberry juice can help neutralize odors in the urine, making it less noticeable. In contrast, consuming spicy foods (choice A) can actually increase the odor of urine. Similarly, choices C and D (eating eggs, asparagus, or cheese; drinking tea, coffee, and colas) can contribute to stronger-smelling urine due to the compounds they contain. Therefore, recommending cranberry juice to the male client with a stomal pouch is the most appropriate choice to help him remain odor-free.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Fruits such as bananas are a good source of potassium. Potassium is an essential mineral that plays a vital role in various bodily functions, including maintaining proper muscle function, nerve transmission, and fluid balance. Bananas are easy to incorporate into the diet and provide a significant amount of potassium per serving. Other fruits high in potassium include oranges, melons, and avocados. Therefore, recommending the addition of fruits such as bananas is a suitable way to supplement a diet with foods high in potassium.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypernatremia is a condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood. When monitoring for hypernatremia, the nurse should assess the client for signs of neurologic impairment, such as confusion. This is because hypernatremia can lead to changes in mental status due to the hyperosmolarity of the blood affecting brain function. Assessing for confusion is crucial in identifying and managing hypernatremia promptly to prevent further complications. Dry skin, tachycardia, and pale coloring are not specific manifestations of hypernatremia and are less likely to be directly related to this electrolyte imbalance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Frequent oral care is important for overall oral health and cleanliness, but it will not directly help correct the patient's fluid imbalance. The patient's condition likely requires direct fluid replacement to address the fluid loss and restore balance. A, B, and D are focused on fluid replacement strategies which are more crucial in correcting the patient's condition. Offering a large amount of oral fluid intake to replace lost fluids, giving enteral or parenteral fluid, and giving small volumes of fluid at frequent intervals are all appropriate measures that can help correct the patient's condition by addressing the underlying fluid imbalance.