The nurse is administering Penicillin to a patient who has tested positive for strep throat. The nurse knows to look for which of the following adverse effects as a sign of an acute allergic reaction?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When administering Penicillin, one of the adverse effects to watch out for as a sign of an acute allergic reaction is the development of a skin rash or hives. This reaction may indicate an allergic response to the medication. It is important for the nurse to monitor the patient closely for any signs of an allergic reaction, including skin changes, and to act promptly if such symptoms arise. An acute allergic reaction can progress to a severe life-threatening condition known as anaphylaxis, so prompt recognition and intervention are critical in such cases.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An acute allergic reaction to Penicillin can present with symptoms such as skin rash or hives. This is a common sign of an allergic reaction and can indicate the patient is having an adverse response to the medication. It is essential for the nurse to monitor the patient closely for any signs of allergic reactions, including hives, as they can quickly progress to more severe reactions such as anaphylaxis. Other adverse effects listed in the choices, such as blurred vision, tinnitus, and vomiting, are not typically associated with an acute allergic reaction to Penicillin.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When monitoring a patient on Clopidogrel therapy, it is important to monitor for signs of thrombotic thrombolytic purpura (TTP), bleeding during therapy, and changes in blood counts. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that works by preventing platelets from sticking together and forming clots. Monitoring for signs of TTP is necessary as clopidogrel has been associated with an increased risk of TTP in some patients. Additionally, monitoring for bleeding is crucial as clopidogrel, like other antiplatelet medications, can increase the risk of bleeding complications. Monitoring a complete blood count (CBC) with differential and platelet count allows healthcare providers to assess the patient's blood cell levels and ensure that the medication is not causing any adverse effects on blood counts. Therefore, monitoring all of the above parameters is essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of clopidogrel therapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The basis for pharmacotherapeutics lies in the selective action of drugs with regard to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases. Pharmacotherapeutics involves the use of drugs to manage diseases and improve health outcomes. Drugs are carefully selected based on their mechanism of action, efficacy, safety profile, and suitability for a specific condition. The goal is to achieve optimal therapeutic effects while minimizing potential adverse effects. By understanding the selective action of drugs in targeting specific pathways or processes in the body, healthcare providers can customize treatment regimens to individual patients and achieve the best possible outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A decoction is a liquid preparation made by boiling vegetable substances with water. This process helps extract the beneficial properties and compounds from the plant material into the liquid. Decoctions are commonly used in herbal medicine to prepare medicinal remedies by simmering roots, bark, or other plant parts in water for a period of time.