The nurse informs the patient that the frequency of range-of-motion (ROM) exercises should be:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Range-of-motion exercises need to be frequent enough to maintain joint mobility and prevent stiffness, especially in patients at risk of contractures. Performing them 3 to 4 times a day ensures joints are moved through their full range multiple times, counteracting the effects of immobility without overtaxing the patient. Once a day is insufficient, as stiffness can develop within hours of inactivity. Twice daily (morning and afternoon) improves on that but may still allow periods of prolonged immobility. Four to six times might be ideal for severe cases but could exhaust the patient or staff resources unnecessarily. The 3 to 4 times recommendation balances efficacy and practicality, promoting flexibility and circulation while fitting into a realistic care schedule.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A burning sensation over the elbow in a cast suggests pressure or irritation, possibly from swelling or a tight fit. Elevating the arm on pillows is the initial step, as it reduces swelling by improving venous return, potentially relieving pressure on the elbow without invasive action. Checking support is useful but secondary, as elevation addresses the immediate cause. Notifying the charge nurse assumes a pressure ulcer without assessment, which is premature. Cutting a window is a last resort, requiring medical orders. Elevation is a safe, effective first response, tackling the likely swelling-related discomfort while preserving the cast's integrity for further evaluation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In anatomy, a compartment refers to a group of skeletal muscles along with their associated blood vessels and nerves that work together to perform a specific function. This term is commonly used to describe the organization of muscles in the limbs, such as the anterior or posterior compartments of the leg or forearm. These compartments are separated by fascia, which helps coordinate movement and maintain structural integrity. The anal triangle is a specific region of the pelvic floor, not a muscle group with a common function. The diaphragm is a single muscle involved in respiration, not a group of muscles. An aponeurosis is a broad, flat tendon-like structure that connects muscles to bones or other muscles, but it does not encompass a group of muscles with their blood vessels and nerves. Therefore, compartment is the most accurate term for this definition, as it aligns with the anatomical description of muscle organization.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An intramuscular (IM) injection delivers fluid directly into a muscle, commonly used for vaccines or medications due to muscles' rich blood supply, ensuring rapid absorption. Sites like the deltoid or gluteus maximus are typical targets. Dileguilist appears to be a typo or nonsensical term. Prime mover is a muscle role, not an injection type. Fixators stabilize muscles, not receive injections. Intramuscular injection is a precise medical term matching the description, making it the correct choice. Its clinical relevance lies in its efficiency and common application, distinguishing it from subcutaneous or intravenous methods, and it reflects a practical aspect of muscle anatomy in healthcare.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: During knee flexion, the effort is the force exerted by the contraction of the hamstring muscle group (e.g., biceps femoris), which pulls the tibia backward to bend the knee. The knee joint is the fulcrum, not the effort. The weight of the lower leg and foot is the load being moved. The femur is a stationary bone, not the effort source. The hamstrings' contraction provides the muscular effort in this lever system, making it the correct answer, as it drives the movement against the load, illustrating the active role of muscles in joint motion.