The nurse has taken a health history on four primigravid clients at their first prenatal visits. It is high priority that which of the clients receives nutrition counseling?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) The woman diagnosed with phenylketonuria should receive high-priority nutrition counseling. Phenylketonuria is a genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to break down the amino acid phenylalanine, leading to its accumulation and potential toxicity. Therefore, this client requires specialized dietary management to avoid foods high in phenylalanine, especially during pregnancy, as excess phenylalanine can harm the developing fetus. Option B) The woman who has Graves' disease does not require immediate nutrition counseling solely based on the diagnosis of Graves' disease. While proper nutrition is important in managing Graves' disease, it is not the highest priority in this context. Option C) The woman with Cushing's syndrome may benefit from dietary modifications in the long run, but it is not an immediate priority compared to managing phenylketonuria during pregnancy. Option D) The woman diagnosed with myasthenia gravis may require specific dietary modifications due to potential swallowing difficulties associated with the condition, but it is not as critical as addressing the nutritional needs of a client with phenylketonuria during pregnancy. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of individualized care based on specific health conditions, especially during pregnancy when nutritional needs are heightened. It underscores the significance of recognizing high-priority interventions based on the unique requirements of each client to ensure optimal maternal and fetal outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Evening primrose oil has been suggested to pregnant individuals as a complementary therapy due to its potential to ripen the cervix. This is the correct answer because evening primrose oil contains an essential fatty acid called gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) which is thought to stimulate the production of prostaglandins in the body. Prostaglandins are hormones that play a role in softening and ripening the cervix in preparation for labor. Option A, relieving back strain, is incorrect as evening primrose oil is not typically used for this purpose during pregnancy. Option B, improving the development of colostrum, is also incorrect as colostrum production is not directly influenced by evening primrose oil. Option D, reducing the incidence of hemorrhoids, is not a known benefit of evening primrose oil in the context of pregnancy. Educationally, it is important for healthcare providers working with pregnant individuals to have a good understanding of complementary therapies like evening primrose oil and their potential effects during pregnancy. This knowledge allows for informed discussions with patients about the benefits and risks of using such therapies, ultimately supporting shared decision-making in maternal care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option A) Blood glucose. Monitoring blood glucose levels in a third-trimester client during routine prenatal care is crucial as it helps in identifying gestational diabetes or potential issues related to glucose metabolism. Gestational diabetes can pose risks to both the mother and the baby during pregnancy and delivery. By monitoring blood glucose levels, healthcare providers can intervene early with appropriate management strategies to ensure a healthy pregnancy outcome. Option B) Blood pressure is important in prenatal care, but in this specific case of a third-trimester client, monitoring blood glucose takes precedence over blood pressure as gestational diabetes is more likely to develop at this stage. Option C) Fetal heart rate monitoring is essential during labor but is not the primary focus during routine prenatal care in the third trimester. Option D) Urine protein is typically monitored for signs of preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. While important, monitoring blood glucose is more relevant in this scenario as it directly assesses the client's metabolic status during pregnancy. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind the need for specific prenatal monitoring tests is vital for healthcare providers to provide comprehensive care to pregnant clients. By prioritizing and interpreting these tests correctly, healthcare professionals can intervene early, prevent complications, and promote positive maternal and fetal outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Use of three pillows for sleep comfort. During the third trimester of pregnancy, which is typically from 28 weeks until birth, it is common for pregnant individuals to experience discomfort while trying to sleep. Using multiple pillows to support the abdomen, back, and hips can help alleviate this discomfort and improve sleep quality. Option A) Nausea and vomiting is a common symptom experienced during the first trimester of pregnancy due to hormonal changes, typically resolving by the second trimester. At 35 weeks' gestation, it is less likely to be a primary concern. Option B) Maternal ambivalence, which refers to mixed feelings or uncertainty about the pregnancy, is a psychosocial aspect that is not directly related to physical symptoms at 35 weeks' gestation. Option C) Fundal height 10 cm above the umbilicus is a measurement used to assess fetal growth and position during pregnancy. While this measurement can provide important clinical information, it does not directly address the discomfort associated with sleep during the third trimester. In an educational context, understanding the common discomforts and challenges faced by pregnant individuals during different stages of pregnancy is essential for healthcare providers, especially those involved in maternal monitoring during labor. Educating pregnant individuals about strategies to improve sleep quality can help promote overall well-being during this critical time.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) The woman is allergic to strawberries. This statement is likely true because food allergies are common during pregnancy due to hormonal changes impacting the immune system. If the woman experiences an allergic reaction to strawberries, it is crucial for her to avoid them to prevent any adverse effects on her health and the baby's well-being. Option B) is incorrect because there is no scientific evidence suggesting that strawberries cause birth defects. Option C) is incorrect as the woman's statement is likely based on a genuine concern rather than superstition. Option D) is incorrect because there is no established link between eating strawberries and premature baby death. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of considering individual factors, such as allergies, during pregnancy. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to conduct thorough assessments and provide tailored advice to support maternal and fetal health. Educating pregnant women about allergens and their potential impact is crucial for ensuring a safe and healthy pregnancy.