The nurse has taken a health history on four primigravid clients at their first prenatal visits. It is high priority that which of the clients receives nutrition counseling?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option A) The woman diagnosed with phenylketonuria. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid found in protein-containing foods. If not managed properly, PKU can lead to serious health complications, especially during pregnancy. Nutrition counseling is crucial for a woman with PKU because she needs to follow a strict low-phenylalanine diet to prevent harm to both herself and the developing fetus. Failure to adhere to this diet can result in intellectual disabilities, growth retardation, and other complications in the unborn child. The other options (B, C, D) do not require immediate nutrition counseling during pregnancy. While women with Graves’ disease, Cushing’s syndrome, or myasthenia gravis may have specific dietary needs or considerations, they do not have the same level of urgency as a woman with PKU. Educationally, understanding the importance of nutrition counseling in specific maternal conditions is vital for nurses to provide targeted and effective care during pregnancy. This case highlights the significance of individualized care based on a client's health history and conditions to promote optimal maternal and fetal outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Evening primrose oil is suggested to pregnant women due to its ability to ripen the cervix, making it more favorable for the onset of labor. The correct answer is C) Ripen the cervix. Evening primrose oil contains prostaglandins that can help soften and ripen the cervix, potentially aiding in the progression of labor. Option A) Relieve back strain is incorrect as evening primrose oil is not typically used for this purpose during pregnancy. Option B) Improve development of colostrum is also incorrect as evening primrose oil is not known to have a direct impact on colostrum production. Option D) Reduce the incidence of hemorrhoids is incorrect as well, as evening primrose oil is not specifically indicated for this purpose. In an educational context, it is important for healthcare professionals to understand the potential uses and effects of complementary therapies like evening primrose oil during pregnancy. By knowing the actions and indications of such supplements, midwives and nurses can provide evidence-based recommendations to support maternal health and well-being during labor and delivery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of maternal monitoring during labor, the correct answer is A) Blood glucose. Monitoring blood glucose levels in a third-trimester client during routine prenatal care is crucial as gestational diabetes can develop or worsen during this time. High blood glucose levels can lead to various complications for both the mother and the baby, such as macrosomia, birth injuries, and hypoglycemia at birth. Therefore, monitoring blood glucose levels helps in early detection and appropriate management to ensure optimal outcomes for both. Option B) Blood pressure is essential in prenatal care, but it is more commonly associated with monitoring for conditions like preeclampsia, rather than routine monitoring during the third trimester specifically. Option C) Fetal heart rate monitoring is crucial during labor, but in this scenario of routine prenatal care, monitoring the mother's parameters takes precedence. Option D) Urine protein is typically monitored for signs of preeclampsia, which is more commonly done in the second trimester and later in pregnancy, rather than specifically in the third trimester for routine prenatal care. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind monitoring specific parameters at different stages of pregnancy is crucial for healthcare providers to provide comprehensive care to pregnant individuals. This knowledge ensures timely identification of any deviations from normal values and allows for appropriate interventions to be implemented promptly to promote the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of maternal monitoring during labor, the correct answer is D) Use of three pillows for sleep comfort. This option is correct because it indicates a possible sign of preterm labor related to discomfort and the need for sleep positioning to alleviate discomfort. Option A) Nausea and vomiting is not indicative of preterm labor at 35 weeks' gestation unless it is accompanied by other symptoms. Option B) Maternal ambivalence is a psychological state and not a physical sign of preterm labor. Option C) Fundal height 10 cm above the umbilicus is a sign of term gestation, not preterm labor. Educationally, it is essential to understand the physical signs and symptoms associated with preterm labor to provide appropriate care and monitoring for pregnant clients. Recognizing these signs can help healthcare providers intervene promptly to prevent preterm birth and its associated complications. Discussing these scenarios in the classroom can help students apply theoretical knowledge to real-life clinical situations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the likely reason for the woman proclaiming that she can't eat strawberries during her pregnancy is option A) The woman is allergic to strawberries. This is the correct answer because food allergies are common during pregnancy, and strawberries could potentially trigger an allergic reaction in the woman, posing a risk to her health and the baby's well-being. Option B) is incorrect because there is no scientific evidence suggesting that strawberries cause birth defects. Option C) is unlikely as the woman's statement is more likely based on a genuine concern rather than old wives' tales. Option D) is also incorrect as there is no established link between eating strawberries and premature baby death. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding common misconceptions and myths surrounding pregnancy and nutrition. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to educate pregnant women about making informed dietary choices based on facts and individual health considerations, including the possibility of food allergies. By debunking myths and providing evidence-based information, healthcare professionals can support women in making healthy choices during pregnancy.