The nurse has just admitted Nancy to the psychiatric unit. The psychiatrist has diagnosed Nancy with major depressive disorder. The nurse says to Nancy, 'What questions do you have about being here on the unit?' Which nursing role described by Peplau is the nurse fulfilling in this instance?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Resource person. In this scenario, the nurse is fulfilling the role of a resource person by offering information and guidance to Nancy about being on the psychiatric unit. This role involves providing knowledge, support, and answering questions to help the patient navigate their environment. Incorrect choices: B: Counselor - The nurse is not providing counseling or therapeutic interventions in this situation. C: Surrogate - The nurse is not acting as a substitute decision-maker for Nancy. D: Technical Expert - The nurse is not primarily focused on providing technical or clinical expertise in this interaction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Situational, maturational, and adventitious. Situational crises arise from external events, maturational crises occur due to life transitions, and adventitious crises result from unexpected disasters. Choice B focuses on different aspects rather than types of crises. Choice C refers to the duration of crises, not their types. Choice D categorizes crises based on different contexts rather than types. Therefore, A is correct as it accurately identifies the three distinct types of crises based on their nature and origin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Donepezil (Aricept). Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor commonly used to treat Alzheimer's by increasing levels of acetylcholine in the brain. This helps improve cognitive function and memory in patients with Alzheimer's. Risperidone (B) is an antipsychotic and not used as a primary treatment for Alzheimer's. Lithium (C) is used to treat bipolar disorder, not Alzheimer's. Alprazolam (D) is a benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety disorders, not Alzheimer's. Donepezil is the drug of choice for Alzheimer's due to its mechanism of action and proven efficacy in managing symptoms of the disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because altruism promotes helping others, sublimation channels negative impulses into positive actions, suppression temporarily sets aside unwanted thoughts, and humor helps cope with stress. Repression (B) involves pushing away unpleasant thoughts, displacement redirects emotions to a safer target, reaction formation masks true feelings, and rationalization justifies behaviors. Passive aggression (C) involves indirect hostility, splitting sees things as all good or all bad, projection attributes one's own thoughts to others, and denial refuses to acknowledge reality. Avoidance (D) avoids confronting issues, denial rejects the truth, repression suppresses thoughts, and projection blames others for one's own feelings.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because repression, displacement, reaction formation, and rationalization are all examples of intermediate defenses according to psychoanalytic theory. These defenses involve unconsciously distorting reality to cope with anxiety or conflict. Repression involves pushing unacceptable thoughts or feelings into the unconscious. Displacement redirects emotions from a threatening target to a less threatening one. Reaction formation involves expressing the opposite of one's true feelings. Rationalization involves creating logical explanations to justify unacceptable behaviors. The other choices (B, C, D) include defense mechanisms that do not fall under the category of intermediate defenses based on psychoanalytic theory.