The nurse has just admitted Nancy to the psychiatric unit. The psychiatrist has diagnosed Nancy with major depressive disorder. The nurse says to Nancy, 'Please tell me what it was like when you were growing up.' Which nursing role described by Peplau is the nurse fulfilling in this instance?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Counselor. In this scenario, the nurse is fulfilling the role of a counselor by engaging Nancy in a therapeutic conversation to explore her past experiences and emotions related to her major depressive disorder diagnosis. This role focuses on providing emotional support, guidance, and facilitating self-exploration. A: Surrogate - This role involves temporarily standing in for another person. In this scenario, the nurse is not acting as a stand-in for anyone but is providing direct emotional support to Nancy. B: Resource person - This role involves providing information and guidance related to the patient's care. While the nurse may provide resources and information, the primary focus in this scenario is on emotional support and therapeutic communication. D: Technical Expert - This role involves providing specialized knowledge and skills related to patient care. While the nurse may use technical expertise in other aspects of care, in this scenario, the focus is on therapeutic communication and emotional support rather than technical knowledge.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because atypical antipsychotics commonly cause metabolic side effects such as increased weight, glucose levels, and triglycerides. This occurs due to their effects on appetite, metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Option B is incorrect as atypical antipsychotics typically lead to weight gain and metabolic disturbances. Option C is incorrect as atypical antipsychotics are associated with several side effects. Option D is incorrect as atypical antipsychotics do not typically increase the risk of seizures.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because adventitious crises are external events like natural disasters or crimes that trigger a crisis response. These crises are outside of an individual's control and can have a significant impact on their psychological well-being. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe adventitious crises. Choice A refers to developmental crises, choice C refers to situational crises, and choice D refers to intrapsychic crises.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Detox and rehab. Detox is essential to safely withdraw from alcohol, while rehab provides therapy and support to address the underlying causes of dependency. Option B is incorrect because medication alone is not sufficient. Option C offers support but lacks the medical aspect of detox. Option D is incorrect as hospitalization is not always required for treatment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Suppression is a defense mechanism where disturbing feelings are constantly denied. This is because suppression involves pushing unwanted or distressing thoughts, feelings, or memories out of conscious awareness, without fully resolving them. By denying these disturbing feelings, individuals attempt to avoid dealing with them. This differs from other defense mechanisms: A (projection) involves attributing one's own unacceptable impulses to others, B (sublimation) involves channeling unacceptable impulses into constructive activities, and D (displacement) involves transferring emotions from the original source to a less threatening target.