ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has inserted a nasogastric tube to the level of the oropharynx and has repositioned the client's head in a flexed-forward position. The client has been asked to begin swallowing. The nurse starts slowly to advance the nasogastric tube with each swallow. The client begins to cough, gag, and choke. Which nursing action would least likely result in proper tube insertion and promote client relaxation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. The client is experiencing coughing, gagging, and choking, indicating improper tube insertion. 2. Continuing to advance the tube can lead to further discomfort and potential complications. 3. Pulling the tube back slightly allows for reevaluation of placement and prevents further irritation. 4. Checking the back of the pharynx can identify any obstruction or incorrect placement. 5. Instructing the client to breathe slowly and take sips of water can help relax the client and facilitate proper insertion.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to discontinue a client's nasogastric tube. The client is positioned properly, and the tube has been flushed with 15 mL of air to clear secretions. Before removing the tube, the nurse makes which statement to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because instructing the client to take a deep breath and slowly exhale while the tube is being removed helps relax the client's throat muscles, making the removal process smoother and less uncomfortable. Taking a deep breath and holding it (choice D) could lead to increased tension and resistance, while bearing down (choice B) may cause the client to push against the tube, making the removal difficult. Instructing the client to breathe normally (choice A) doesn't provide specific guidance on how to facilitate the removal process.
Question 3 of 5
The client with a colostomy has an order for irrigation of the colostomy. The nurse uses which solution for the irrigation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tap water. Tap water is used for colostomy irrigation as it is isotonic and won't disrupt electrolyte balance. Distilled water (A) can cause electrolyte imbalances. Sterile water (C) may not be necessary, and Lactated Ringer's (D) is not typically used for colostomy irrigation.
Question 4 of 5
A client is suspected of having hepatitis. Which diagnostic test results will assist in confirming this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elevated serum bilirubin. Hepatitis is characterized by liver inflammation, which can lead to impaired bilirubin metabolism and increased levels in the blood. Elevated serum bilirubin is a common finding in hepatitis. Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Choice A) is not specific to hepatitis. Elevated hemoglobin (Choice C) and elevated blood urea nitrogen (Choice D) are not typically associated with hepatitis and are more indicative of other conditions. In summary, elevated serum bilirubin is a key diagnostic marker for confirming a diagnosis of hepatitis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing the client with biliary obstruction a simple overview of the anatomy of the liver and gallbladder. The nurse tells the client that normally the liver stores bile in the gallbladder, which is connected to the liver by the?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cystic duct. The cystic duct connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct, through which bile flows from the liver to the gallbladder for storage. The liver canaliculi are tiny channels within the liver where bile is produced. The common bile duct is the main duct through which bile flows from the liver to the small intestine. The right hepatic duct is one of the ducts that collect bile from the liver but does not directly connect to the gallbladder. Therefore, the cystic duct is the correct choice as it specifically links the gallbladder to the common bile duct for bile transportation.