ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has given medication instruction to the client receiving phenyton (Dilantin). The nurse determines that the client has an adequate understanding if the client states that:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin (Dilantin) can cause gingival hyperplasia, a side effect manifested by overgrowth of the gums. To help prevent this side effect, patients taking phenytoin should maintain good oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing and flossing. This statement shows an understanding of the importance of oral care while on phenytoin therapy, making it the correct answer choice.
Question 2 of 5
The following would be a symptom the nurse would expect to find during assessment of a patient with macular degeneration, EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Macular degeneration primarily affects the macula, which is responsible for central vision. Therefore, symptoms typically include loss of central vision, decreased ability to distinguish colors, and loss of near vision. Loss of peripheral vision is not a common symptom associated with macular degeneration. Instead, it is more commonly seen in conditions affecting the peripheral retina, such as retinitis pigmentosa.
Question 3 of 5
A 62-year old client diagnosed with pyelonephritis and possible septicemia has had five urinary tract infections over the past 2 years. She's fatigued from lack of sleep; urinates frequently, even during the night, and has lost weight recently. Tests reveal the following: sodium level 152mEq/L, osmolarity 340mOsm/L, glucose level 125mg/dl, and potassium level of 3.8mEq/L. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client's elevated sodium level of 152 mEq/L indicates hypernatremia, which can lead to osmotic diuresis, causing excessive urination and subsequent fluid loss. This fluid loss can result in deficient fluid volume. The client's symptoms of frequent urination, fatigue from lack of sleep, and weight loss are indicative of dehydration due to the osmotic diuresis. Therefore, the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client is Deficient fluid volume related to osmotic diuresis induced by hypernatremia.
Question 4 of 5
When caring for a client with diabetes insipidus, the nurse expects to administer:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by the inability of the kidneys to conserve water due to reduced secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin. Therefore, the treatment for diabetes insipidus typically involves administering synthetic vasopressin, such as desmopressin (DDAVP) or vasopressin (Pitressin Synthetic), to replace the deficient hormone and help the kidneys reabsorb more water. Vasopressin helps regulate water balance in the body by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output, and preventing dehydration. Therefore, the nurse would expect to administer vasopressin to a client with diabetes insipidus to help manage the condition effectively.
Question 5 of 5
Mrs. Adams is scheduled for an intravemous pyelogram (IVP). Nurse Aura wpould be most concerned if the patient makes which of the following comments or statements?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurse Aura would be most concerned about the patient's statement regarding taking Senokot daily because laxatives can affect kidney function and urine production, which are important considerations during an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Laxatives can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which may affect the results and safety of the IVP procedure. It is crucial for the patient to disclose any medications or substances they are taking that could impact kidney function or urine production prior to undergoing the IVP. The other statements are not directly related to the IVP procedure or potential complications.