The nurse has determined that a person has a dysfunction in the nutritional-metabolic pattern. Which action would be the next step for the nurse to take?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct next step for the nurse to take is option B) Set a goal weight with the person. This choice is the most appropriate because it involves collaborative goal-setting with the individual, which is crucial in addressing dysfunction in the nutritional-metabolic pattern. Setting a goal weight provides a specific target to work towards and allows for individualized care planning based on the person's needs and preferences. Option A) Weigh the person, while important for assessing nutritional status, is not as comprehensive as setting a goal weight. Weighing alone does not involve the person in the decision-making process or address the need for a tailored plan. Option C) Asking the person what their favorite foods are may provide insight into preferences but does not directly address the issue of dysfunction in the nutritional-metabolic pattern or guide the formulation of a specific intervention plan. Option D) Developing a plan for weight loss is premature without first setting a goal weight in collaboration with the person. Jumping straight to a weight loss plan may not be appropriate or effective if the individual's weight goal is not clearly established. In an educational context, understanding the importance of individualized care and goal-setting in addressing nutritional-metabolic patterns is essential for nurses and healthcare providers. Collaborative goal-setting empowers individuals to take an active role in their care, leading to more effective outcomes and improved patient satisfaction. It also emphasizes the holistic approach to healthcare by considering not only the physical aspects but also the individual's preferences and goals.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Health-perception–health-management pattern. The health perception-health management pattern focuses on an individual's perceived health status and behaviors that promote health. The fact that the 27-year-old woman has not received a Pap test in years indicates a lack of proactive health management and preventive care, which falls under this pattern. Option B) Elimination pattern is related to bowel and bladder elimination, which is not relevant to the situation described. Option C) Activity-rest pattern pertains to activity level, sleep, and rest. This is not applicable to the lack of Pap test scenario. Option D) Self-perception–self-concept pattern involves self-identity and self-worth, which are not directly related to the need for a Pap test. Educationally, understanding functional patterns in nursing assessments is crucial for nurses to identify deviations from normal health patterns and provide appropriate interventions. By recognizing the significance of the health-perception–health-management pattern in preventive care, nurses can promote early detection of health issues and improve outcomes for patients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding health promotion strategies is crucial for preventing diseases like colon cancer. The correct answer, option B) High fiber diet, is a primary prevention method for colon cancer because a diet rich in fiber helps maintain regular bowel movements, reducing the time the colon is exposed to potential carcinogens. Option A) Hemoccult testing is a form of secondary prevention used for early detection of blood in the stool, not for preventing colon cancer itself. Option C) Colonoscopy is a form of screening and early detection, not a primary prevention method. Option D) Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure used for diagnosis or treatment, not for prevention. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of lifestyle factors in preventing diseases. Teaching students about primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention methods helps them understand the continuum of care and empowers them to make informed decisions about their health. Encouraging a high fiber diet as a primary prevention method for colon cancer aligns with evidence-based practice and promotes proactive health behaviors.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) The nurse must ask additional questions. This answer is correct because the information provided about the person getting 5 hours of sleep per night is not sufficient to draw any definitive conclusions. As a healthcare provider, it is important to gather more information to fully assess the situation. The other options can be explained as follows: A) The person is not receiving enough sleep: While 5 hours of sleep may be inadequate for some individuals, it is not a universal standard. Sleep needs vary among individuals based on factors such as age, health status, and lifestyle. B) The person is receiving adequate sleep: Without further information and assessment, it is premature to determine that 5 hours of sleep is adequate for this particular individual. Adequate sleep duration is typically considered to be around 7-9 hours for adults. C) The nurse must determine where the person sleeps: The location where the person sleeps is not the primary concern in this scenario. The focus should be on assessing the adequacy of sleep duration and quality to address any potential sleep-related health issues. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of thorough assessment and critical thinking in healthcare practice. Nurses and healthcare providers must gather comprehensive data before making clinical judgments or recommendations to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. Asking additional questions allows for a more holistic understanding of the individual's sleep patterns and aids in developing appropriate health promotion strategies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Hot tea. The rationale behind this is that using hot tea as a home remedy for asthma is a common practice in Hispanic cultures. Hot tea is believed to help in relieving respiratory symptoms like coughing and congestion, which are common in asthma. It is often used as a soothing and comforting remedy for breathing difficulties. Acupuncture (option A) is a traditional Chinese medical practice involving the insertion of needles at specific points on the body. While acupuncture may have various health benefits, it is not typically used as a home remedy for asthma in Hispanic cultures. Cupping (option B) is another alternative therapy that involves placing cups on the skin to create suction. Cupping is not commonly associated with treating asthma symptoms at home. Massage (option D) can provide relaxation and relieve muscle tension, but it is not a typical home remedy for asthma management. In an educational context, understanding cultural practices and beliefs regarding health and remedies is crucial for healthcare providers. By recognizing and respecting the cultural diversity in healthcare practices, nurses and other healthcare professionals can provide more culturally sensitive care and build trust with patients from different backgrounds. It is important to acknowledge and validate the use of home remedies within cultural contexts while also providing evidence-based information and interventions when necessary.