ATI RN
Provide Basic Patient Care Following Direction of Nursing Staff Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has completed a preoperative assessment for a patient going to surgery and gathers assessment data. Which will be the most important next step for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The patient has a latex allergy as per the assessment. Step 2: Notifying the operating suite ensures patient safety. Step 3: Latex exposure during surgery can lead to severe allergic reactions. Step 4: Alerting the team allows for appropriate precautions to be taken. Step 5: Documenting the bath or administering antibiotics is not as crucial.
Question 2 of 5
You are ordered to administer 3 mg/min of lidocaine via intravenous infusion to your cardiac patient who presents with a heart rate greater than 130 beats per minute as well as greater than 10 multifocal PVCs every minute. Therefore, you quickly but carefully mix 2 grams of the medication in 500 mL of normal saline and attach micro-drip tubing to the solution bag. Which of the following drip rates would effectively deliver the ordered dose of lidocaine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 30 gtts/min. To determine the drip rate, we need to calculate the following: 1. Calculate the total volume to be infused per minute: 3 mg/min = 3000 mcg/min (1 mg = 1000 mcg) 2. Calculate the concentration of lidocaine in the solution: 2 grams in 500 mL = 4 mg/mL 3. Calculate the total volume of lidocaine in one minute: 3000 mcg/min ÷ 4 mg/mL = 750 mL/min 4. Calculate the drip rate: 750 mL/min x 60 gtts/mL (for micro-drip tubing) = 45000 gtts/min 5. Finally, divide the total drip rate by the drop factor of the micro-drip tubing (60 gtts/mL): 45000 gtts/min ÷ 1500 gtts/mL = 30 gtts/min. Therefore, the correct answer is
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is not a cause of shock?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased systemic vascular resistance. Shock is a state of inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery. Increased systemic vascular resistance would actually contribute to worsening shock by impeding blood flow to tissues. Choice A is related to oxygen delivery, which is a cause of shock. Choice B, decreased systemic vascular resistance, would lead to inadequate tissue perfusion, contributing to shock. Choice D, inadequate cardiac output, is a common cause of shock as it results in decreased blood flow to tissues.
Question 4 of 5
Which abnormal respiratory pattern is associated with structural or compressive lesions in the medullary respiratory center characterized by an irregular, cluster-type respiratory pattern?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ataxic respiratory pattern. This pattern is associated with structural lesions in the medullary respiratory center, leading to irregular, cluster-type breathing. Ataxic breathing is characterized by unpredictable, uncoordinated breaths with irregular pauses. A: Agonal respiratory pattern is seen in severe conditions like cardiac arrest, not specific to medullary lesions. B: Cheyne-Stokes respiratory pattern is characterized by cyclic crescendo-decrescendo breathing and is related to brainstem dysfunction, not medullary lesions. C: Biot's respiratory pattern is marked by irregular breathing with clusters of breaths followed by apnea, but it is typically associated with increased intracranial pressure or central nervous system issues, not medullary lesions.
Question 5 of 5
You are assessing an adult patient experiencing sudden-onset chest pain and dyspnea. He quickly exhibits jugular vein distension and cool, clammy skin. His trachea is midline, but there are palpable air pockets under the skin on his upper chest on the left side that feel as though they pop or vanish when you palpate them. What is this abnormal finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Subcutaneous emphysema. This finding is indicative of air escaping into the subcutaneous tissues, causing a crackling sensation ("pop or vanish") upon palpation. The sudden-onset chest pain and dyspnea, along with jugular vein distension and cool, clammy skin, suggest a potential underlying condition such as pneumothorax or severe lung disease that leads to subcutaneous emphysema. Atelectasis (B) is incomplete expansion or collapse of the lung, typically not associated with palpable air pockets. Pitting edema (C) is caused by fluid accumulation in the tissues, not air. Ascites (D) is accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, unrelated to the findings described.