ATI RN
FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has been teaching an adult who has iron deficiency anemia about those foods that she needs to include in her meal plans. Which of the following, if selected, would indicate to the nurse that the client understands the dietary instructions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables are good sources of vitamin C and non-heme iron, which can help improve iron absorption in individuals with iron deficiency anemia. Bananas and nuts do not have a direct impact on iron absorption. Coffee and tea contain compounds that can inhibit iron absorption. Dairy products, while an important part of a balanced diet, do not specifically aid in improving iron levels. Thus, selecting citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables indicates that the client understands the dietary instructions provided by the nurse to manage iron deficiency anemia.
Question 2 of 5
A home care nurse assesses for disease complications in a client with bone cancer. The nurse knows that bone cancer may cause which electrolyte disturbance?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bone cancer can lead to the release of calcium from the bones into the bloodstream, resulting in hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia is a common electrolyte disturbance seen in clients with bone cancer. When the calcium levels in the blood are elevated, it can lead to various complications such as kidney stones, muscle weakness, confusion, and cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, it is essential for the home care nurse to assess for signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia in clients with bone cancer to prevent potential complications.
Question 3 of 5
A client with cancer is scheduled for radiation therapy. The nurse knows that radiation at any treatment site may cause a certain adverse effect. Therefore, the nurse should prepare the client to expect:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Radiation therapy works by targeting rapidly dividing cells in the body, which includes not only cancer cells but also healthy cells. Hair loss, also known as alopecia, is a common side effect of radiation therapy because the hair follicles are fast-growing cells that can be affected by the radiation. The extent of hair loss can vary depending on the dose and area of the body being treated. It is essential for nurses to prepare clients for the possibility of hair loss during radiation therapy and provide support and information on managing this side effect.
Question 4 of 5
The physician orders cystoscopy and random biopsies of the bladder for a client who reports painless hematuria. Test results reveal carcinoma in situ in several bladder regions. To treat bladder cancer, the client will have a series of intravesical instillations of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), administered 1 week apart. When teaching the client about BCG, the nurse should mention that this drug commonly causes:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a form of immunotherapy used to treat bladder cancer by stimulating the immune system to attack cancer cells in the bladder. One of the common side effects of BCG therapy is hematuria, which is the presence of blood in the urine. This can be expected due to the irritation caused by the BCG instillations in the bladder lining. Hematuria is usually mild to moderate and can resolve on its own without specific treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A client asks the nurse what PSA is. The nurse should reply that is stands for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: PSA stands for Prostate-specific antigen, which is a protein produced by both cancerous and noncancerous cells in the prostate gland. It is primarily used as a screening test for prostate cancer. Elevated levels of PSA in the blood may indicate the presence of prostate cancer or other prostate conditions. Regular PSA testing is often recommended for men over a certain age to help detect prostate cancer early when it is more treatable.