The nurse has been reading everything she can find on a particular clinical problem, using both the closest medical library and the Internet. What would be the most helpful source if it were available?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: A systematic review related to the clinical problem. A systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of all the available evidence on a specific topic, including individual studies and their findings. This is more reliable than a single study or an issue of a journal because it synthesizes multiple studies to draw more robust conclusions. Choice A (a journal issue) may not cover all relevant research, choice B (a single clinical trial) may not represent the full scope of evidence, and choice C (a single researcher) may have bias or limitations. A systematic review is the most helpful as it offers a comprehensive overview of the existing evidence, helping the nurse make informed decisions based on the best available knowledge.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Current research findings. This is because research findings provide the most up-to-date and evidence-based information on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research studies undergo rigorous evaluation and peer review, ensuring the validity and reliability of the information presented. By relying on current research, the health care provider can make informed decisions and implement evidence-based practices that are supported by scientific evidence. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because: A: Published protocols may be outdated or not based on the most current evidence. C: Colleagues' opinions may be subjective and not necessarily evidence-based. D: While nursing journals may contain valuable information, they may not always provide the most recent research findings specifically related to the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because eliciting opinions from nurses on how EBP will affect workload is crucial for creating a work environment conducive to EBP implementation. By involving nurses in the decision-making process, the administrator gains insight into potential barriers and concerns, allowing for tailored strategies to address workload issues. This fosters a sense of ownership and commitment among staff, promoting buy-in and collaboration in implementing EBP. A: Conducting market research on customer satisfaction with EBP is not directly related to creating a work environment conducive to EBP implementation. C: Purchasing computers and Internet access, while important for accessing EBP resources, does not address the organizational culture or workload concerns. D: Sending staff to conferences can be beneficial for knowledge acquisition but may not necessarily address the specific needs and concerns of the nursing staff regarding EBP implementation in their work environment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assessing the quality of the evidence in the literature. After selecting interventions, it is crucial to evaluate the quality of evidence to ensure effectiveness and reliability. By assessing the evidence, staff can determine the validity and applicability of the interventions to their specific problem. This step helps in making informed decisions and avoiding potential harm from implementing interventions based on weak or biased evidence. Summary of other choices: B: Deciding how best to orient the staff and community to the proposed changes - Important, but not the immediate next step. C: Eliminating all nursing interventions that are not evidence based - Premature without assessing the quality of evidence first. D: Choosing another specific problem for the next literature search - Not necessary at this point; evaluating current interventions is more crucial.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Participation. When the nurse only lectures, clients lack active involvement in the learning process, hindering their ability to engage, ask questions, and apply knowledge. Participation enhances understanding and retention by promoting active learning. Evaluation involves assessing learning outcomes, experience comes from applying knowledge, and understanding is a result of effective teaching methods.