The nurse explores any personal misconceptions or prejudices before caring for a client. This action is one of the tasks that occur in a phase of the nurse-client relationship. What is the nurse's major task in this phase?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because exploring self is a crucial task in the orientation phase of the nurse-client relationship. By exploring personal misconceptions or prejudices, the nurse can identify any biases that may affect their care delivery. This self-awareness helps the nurse maintain objectivity and provide nonjudgmental care. Determining why the client sought help (A) is part of the assessment phase, assisting the patient in behavioral change (C) is typically associated with the working phase, and establishing and preparing the client for the reality of separation (D) is part of the termination phase.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because waving fists, cursing, and shouting threats indicate aggressive and confrontational behavior, which are common signs of a behavioral crisis. This behavior poses a potential threat to others and requires immediate intervention. In contrast, choices B and C show distress or withdrawal, not crisis-level behavior. Choice D depicts an unusual behavior but does not necessarily indicate a crisis. In summary, the correct answer best aligns with the aggressive and threatening behavior typically seen in a behavioral crisis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it demonstrates active listening and seeks confirmation from the patient, ensuring accurate understanding. Asking if the nurse's understanding is correct encourages the patient to clarify any misunderstandings. This approach fosters effective communication and a therapeutic relationship. A: Asking about common elements may not address the specific concerns shared by the patient. B: Asking the patient to repeat their experiences may come off as dismissive or imply the nurse wasn't listening attentively. D: Requesting the patient to start from the beginning may be unnecessary and may not address the current concerns the patient is sharing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: During World War II, many soldiers experienced mental health issues, leading to increased awareness and acceptance of mental illness as commonplace. Step 2: The societal impact of witnessing the psychological effects of war shifted attitudes towards mental health. Step 3: This increased acceptance paved the way for advancements in mental health care and reduced stigma. Step 4: Choice A is correct as it reflects the societal shift towards viewing mental illness as more common and acceptable. Summary: Choice B is incorrect as the biologic understanding of mental illness was not fully developed during World War II. Choice C is incorrect as deinstitutionalization was a later phenomenon, not directly related to the effects of World War II. Choice D is incorrect as the categorization of mental illnesses as psychoses or neuroses predates World War II and was not a direct effect of the war.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Interpersonal theories focus on human relationships as central to understanding behavior. Step 2: These theories emphasize how individuals interact and communicate with others. Step 3: Understanding human relationships is key to developing interpersonal skills. Step 4: Instincts (B) and drives (C) are more related to psychoanalytic theories. Step 5: Potential for goodness (D) is not a defining characteristic of interpersonal theories. Summary: Choice A is correct as it aligns with the core focus of interpersonal theories, while the other choices are more aligned with psychoanalytic theories.