ATI RN
Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse explains the pain relief measures available after surgery during preoperative teaching for a surgical patient. Which comment from the patient indicates the need for additional education on this topic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it indicates a misconception about postoperative pain management. Anesthesia wears off, and patients typically experience some level of pain after surgery. This statement suggests the patient may not be prepared for or expecting postoperative pain. A, C, and D are incorrect: A: Indicates understanding of pain assessment using a pain scale. C: Demonstrates understanding of following the provider's instructions for pain medication. D: Shows knowledge of the importance of taking pain medication before engaging in postoperative exercises to manage pain effectively.
Question 2 of 5
You suspect your adult chest pain patient may be experiencing the onset of a myocardial infarction. Which of the following medical conditions may mask the severity of the infarction by suppressing the normal ST elevation often seen in onset myocardial infarctions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diabetes. Diabetes can mask the severity of a myocardial infarction by affecting the ECG pattern, potentially suppressing the normal ST elevation seen in onset myocardial infarctions. This is due to the autonomic neuropathy commonly seen in diabetic patients, which can alter the typical ECG changes associated with a heart attack. Summary of other choices: A: Pleurisy - Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura and is not typically associated with masking ST elevation in myocardial infarctions. C: Chronic hypertension - Chronic hypertension does not directly affect the ECG pattern related to myocardial infarctions. D: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD is not known to mask the severity of myocardial infarctions by suppressing ST elevation on ECG.
Question 3 of 5
When forced to deal with a fire, which type of fire extinguisher would be most effective for suppressing ordinary combustible material that smells like gasoline?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Type B fire extinguisher. This type of extinguisher is designed for flammable liquids like gasoline. Step 1: Identify the fire involving gasoline as a Class B fire. Step 2: Type B extinguishers contain agents like dry chemical powder or foam that are effective against flammable liquids. Step 3: ABC all-purpose extinguishers (choice A) are not specialized for Class B fires. Class C extinguishers (choice C) are for electrical fires, not flammable liquids. Type A extinguishers (choice D) are not a standard classification.
Question 4 of 5
If the city council in your area enacts a law concerning the classification of first responders, what type of law allows this to occur in the US?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Legislative law. Legislative law refers to the laws created by legislative bodies, such as city councils, to regulate various aspects of society. In this case, when the city council enacts a law concerning the classification of first responders, it falls under legislative law as the council is a legislative body responsible for creating and passing laws at the local level. Civil law (A) pertains to disputes between individuals, administrative law (C) involves regulations by administrative agencies, and common law (D) is based on judicial decisions and precedent, none of which directly apply to the scenario described.
Question 5 of 5
You are called to assist a 44-year-old male who was struck in the head with a large socket wrench at work. On arrival, the patient is conscious but confused; he complains he developed a sudden-onset severe headache moments after a wrench slipped off under pressure striking him in the temporal region of the skull. Co-workers state he was unconscious with abnormal posturing for about three minutes prior to EMS arrival. He states the headache went from the worst headache of his life to a dull throbbing headache and new-onset dizziness and nausea. His pupils are unequal with the right eye sluggish to respond while his grips remain equal but weak. As you continue your evaluation, he suddenly develops projectile vomiting and loses consciousness. Which of the following injuries is most likely to cause his presentation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epidural hematoma. In this case, the patient's history of a sudden-onset severe headache after head trauma, unequal pupils, weakness, dizziness, nausea, and subsequent projectile vomiting with loss of consciousness are indicative of an epidural hematoma. Epidural hematomas typically result from arterial bleeding between the dura mater and skull, leading to an increase in intracranial pressure and neurological deterioration. The delay in symptoms and sudden deterioration are consistent with the progression of an epidural hematoma. The other choices, subdural hematoma (A), subarachnoid hematoma (C), and intracerebral hematoma (D), do not fit the clinical presentation as well and are less likely based on the symptoms described.