The nurse expects to note an elevated serum glucose level in a client with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketonic syndrome (HHNS). Which other laboratory finding should the nurse anticipate?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketonic syndrome (HHNS) is characterized by extremely elevated blood glucose levels without significant ketosis. Unlike diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), patients with HHNS usually do not have high levels of ketone bodies in their blood or urine. Therefore, the nurse should anticipate below-normal serum potassium levels in a client with HHNS, as hyperglycemia can lead to profound potassium losses through osmotic diuresis. Monitoring and treating electrolyte imbalances, including hypokalemia, are crucial in managing HHNS. It is important to correct these imbalances promptly to prevent further complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Autonomic dysfunction in TBI typically involves elevated temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate due to dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system. Lowered blood pressure is less common and may indicate hypovolemia or other conditions rather than autonomic dysfunction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acetabular dysplasia is the most common form of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). It is characterized by an underdeveloped or shallow socket (acetabulum) in the hip joint, which can lead to instability and predispose the hip to dislocation. In DDH, the abnormal development of the hip joint can range from mild acetabular dysplasia to complete dislocation. Acetabular dysplasia is often present from birth or develops during infancy and can lead to long-term consequences if not properly managed. Early detection and treatment of acetabular dysplasia are crucial to prevent complications such as hip dislocation and osteoarthritis later in life.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a client presents with right-sided weakness, it indicates that the underlying issue is likely located in the left hemisphere of the brain. This is due to the contralateral organization of the brain where the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body, and vice versa. Therefore, in Mr. Franco's case, the right-sided weakness suggests the affected lobe is the left lobe of his brain, not the right lobe as stated in option B.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A common initial reaction of parents to illness or injury and hospitalization in their child is fear. When a parent receives news that their child is unwell or requires hospitalization, it can trigger feelings of fear about the child's well-being, the seriousness of the situation, the treatment process, and the overall outcome. Fear of the unknown, concern for their child's pain and suffering, and worries about the future can all contribute to this initial reaction. It is a natural response for parents to be fearful in such situations as they navigate through the uncertainty and challenges associated with their child's illness or injury.