The nurse evaluates a patient after thoracentesis. Which finding should be reported immediately?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tracheal deviation to the unaffected side. Tracheal deviation indicates a potential tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate intervention. The trachea shifts away from the affected lung due to increased pressure, compromising air exchange. Reporting this finding promptly is crucial to prevent respiratory distress and cardiac compromise. Choices A and D are not immediate concerns post-thoracentesis. Mild discomfort and drainage amount are expected after the procedure. Choice B, a respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute, falls within the normal range and may not warrant immediate attention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because using the peak flow meter during an asthma attack is incorrect. Peak flow measurements should be taken when the patient is stable and not experiencing an asthma exacerbation. This is because peak flow readings during an attack may not accurately reflect the patient's baseline lung function. Choices A, B, and D are correct because exhaling forcefully, recording the highest of three readings, and measuring peak flow at the same time daily are all appropriate techniques for using a peak flow meter to monitor asthma control.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because inhaling quickly and deeply ensures effective delivery of the medication to the lungs. This allows for optimal absorption and therapeutic effect. Shaking the inhaler (Choice A) is unnecessary and may cause the medication to clump. Attaching a spacer (Choice C) is typically not required for dry powder inhalers. Exhaling forcefully (Choice D) may reduce the amount of medication reaching the lungs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Patients on bed rest after hip surgery are at the highest risk for developing a pulmonary embolism (PE) due to immobilization and venous stasis, which can lead to blood clots forming in the legs that can travel to the lungs. Choice A is less likely as antibiotics can help treat pneumonia and reduce the risk of PE. Choice C is less likely as asthma and allergies do not directly increase the risk of PE. Choice D is less likely as COPD patients using supplemental oxygen are typically monitored closely and managed to reduce the risk of PE.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uncompensated respiratory acidosis. The low pH (acidosis) along with high PaCO2 (respiratory component) indicates primary respiratory acidosis. The HCO3- level is within normal range, ruling out metabolic compensation. There is no evidence of alkalosis. Therefore, the ABG results suggest uncompensated respiratory acidosis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the presented ABG values and interpretation.