ATI RN
ATI Intro to Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse enters a patient’s room to find that his heart rate is 120, his blood pressure is 70/50, and he has red blotching of his face and neck. Vancomycin is running intravenous piggyback. The nurse believes that this patient is experiencing a severe adverse effect called red man syndrome. What action will the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Red man syndrome is a hypersensitivity reaction to vancomycin, characterized by flushing, rash, hypotension, and tachycardia. The nurse should immediately stop the infusion to prevent further reaction and call the health care provider for further instructions. Reducing the infusion rate may help in mild cases, but in this severe case, stopping the infusion is the priority. Encouraging fluids is not appropriate for managing this acute reaction. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a different, more severe condition and is not indicated by these symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A patient taking SMZ/TMP asks the nurse what the name means. The nurse replies sulfamethoxazole is combined with trimethoprim in SMZ/TMP to help the drug effectiveness. How does this work?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SMZ/TMP (sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim) works synergistically to inhibit bacterial folate synthesis at two different steps, making it effective against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It does not act as an anesthetic (A), displace trimethoprim (B), or increase excretion in the bladder (C). The combination enhances antibacterial activity and reduces the risk of resistance.
Question 3 of 5
A client is prescribed Colchicine. After taking three doses, the client complains of nausea, vomiting, and loose bowel stools. Which of the following should the client do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are signs of colchicine toxicity, which can be life-threatening. The client should stop taking the medication and notify the physician immediately. Continuing the medication or adjusting the dose without medical advice can exacerbate the toxicity. Colchicine has a narrow therapeutic index, and close monitoring is required to prevent adverse effects.
Question 4 of 5
Biperiden hydrochloride (Akineton) is added to a list of antiparkinsonian medications that an elderly client is taking. Which of the following instructions made by the nurse that needs further learning?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Walking in the morning for direct sunlight is unrelated to the use of biperiden hydrochloride (Akineton) and does not address its side effects or therapeutic effects. Avoiding alcohol and caffeine, managing dry mouth, and increasing fiber and fluid intake are appropriate instructions. Therefore, the statement about sunlight indicates a need for further learning.
Question 5 of 5
A history of which of the following is a contraindication to short-term HRT to prevent menopausal vasomotor symptoms and menopausal vaginitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Short-term HRT (estrogen ± progestin) relieves menopausal symptoms. Depression isn't a contraindication; HRT may improve mood. Breast cancer is a absolute contraindication due to estrogen's proliferative risk, outweighing benefits. Hysterectomy allows estrogen-only HRT, bronchitis and eczema are unrelated. Breast cancer's link to estrogen drives this restriction, critical for safe hormone use.