The nurse discusses various contraceptive methods with a client and her partner. Which method would the nurse explain as being available only by prescription?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of emergency contraception, the diaphragm is the only option among the provided choices that is available only by prescription. This is because the diaphragm requires proper fitting and sizing by a healthcare provider to ensure its effectiveness. A) Condoms are available over the counter without a prescription and are a common form of contraception that also helps prevent sexually transmitted infections. B) Spermicides are available over the counter and can be used without a prescription, typically in the form of gels, foams, or suppositories to immobilize sperm. D) Basal body temperature monitoring is a natural family planning method that does not require a prescription but involves tracking a woman's basal body temperature to determine fertile days. Understanding the prescription requirements for different contraceptive methods is crucial for healthcare providers to educate clients about their options effectively. By knowing which methods need a prescription, nurses can guide clients to make informed choices based on their individual needs and preferences.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Smoking does not help keep bones strong; it actually increases the risk of osteoporosis. Therefore, this misconception requires additional teaching. Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, avoiding excessive alcohol, and engaging in weight-bearing exercises are all correct measures to reduce the risk of osteoporosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) because they are the class of agents typically used to address behavioral symptoms associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). SSRIs work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain, which can help regulate mood and alleviate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and irritability commonly seen in PMDD. Option A) Diuretics are not indicated for treating behavioral symptoms of PMDD. Diuretics are used to reduce fluid retention and treat conditions like hypertension and edema. Option B) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to relieve pain and inflammation, not behavioral symptoms associated with PMDD. Option D) Vitamin supplements may be beneficial for overall health but are not the primary treatment for the behavioral symptoms of PMDD. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to understand the pharmacological management of PMDD to provide holistic care to women experiencing this condition. By knowing the appropriate class of agents to address behavioral symptoms, nurses can effectively educate patients on their treatment plan and support them in managing their symptoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of emergency contraception, understanding the potential complications associated with different methods is crucial for healthcare providers. In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Fever and chills, which would most likely indicate a complication in a client using a copper intrauterine device (IUD). Fever and chills can be indicative of an infection, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which is a serious complication associated with IUD use. This infection can be severe and requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications. Now, let's analyze why the other options are incorrect: A) Mild menstrual cramps: Mild menstrual cramps are a common side effect of copper IUD use and are not necessarily indicative of a complication. C) No change in menstrual flow: This option does not raise concerns about a potential complication as it describes a normal scenario for some individuals using a copper IUD. D) Occasional spotting: Spotting can occur as a normal side effect of IUD use and does not necessarily indicate a complication unless it is persistent or accompanied by other symptoms. Educational Context: Healthcare providers need to be able to differentiate between common side effects and potential complications of contraceptive methods to provide appropriate care to their patients. Understanding the signs and symptoms of complications associated with IUDs, such as infections, is essential for timely intervention and ensuring patient safety and well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The calendar method relies on accurately recorded menstrual cycle lengths to determine the fertile period; therefore, obtaining a history of the woman's menstrual cycles is essential. Weight gain or loss, integumentary changes, and previous experiences, while potentially relevant, are not as critical for implementing this method.