ATI RN
Concept of Family Health Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse contributed to a staff education program about transmission precautions to use when caring for a patient who has AIDS. Which statement by a staff member indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Wear clean gloves for body fluid contact." This is correct because wearing clean gloves when coming into contact with body fluids is essential to prevent the transmission of infections like AIDS. Sterile gloves are not necessary for routine patient care, and wearing a mask or waterproof gown is not indicated unless there is a specific risk of droplet or airborne transmission. Thus, the staff member demonstrating an understanding of using clean gloves for body fluid contact shows knowledge of proper transmission precautions for caring for a patient with AIDS.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is participating in the planning of care for a patient who has HIV. Which therapeutic action should the nurse recognize as the treatment goal for HIV?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Keeping the virus from replicating. The primary treatment goal for HIV is to maintain an undetectable viral load by inhibiting viral replication through antiretroviral therapy. This helps to prevent progression to AIDS and reduces the risk of transmission. A: Stimulating the immune system is not the primary goal as HIV specifically targets and weakens the immune system. B: Treating opportunistic infections is important but not the primary goal; it's a consequence of HIV-related immune suppression. C: Killing the virus with medication is not entirely possible due to HIV's ability to integrate into host DNA; the focus is on viral suppression to prevent replication.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has AIDS. For which opportunistic lung infection caused by a fungus should the nurse monitor in this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Patients with AIDS are at high risk for opportunistic infections, particularly Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia due to their compromised immune system. This infection is a common cause of respiratory issues in AIDS patients. Monitoring for this specific infection is crucial for early detection and treatment. A: Tuberculosis is also a common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients, but the question specifically mentions a lung infection caused by a fungus, ruling out tuberculosis. B: Cytomegalovirus is a viral infection, not caused by a fungus, hence it is not the correct answer. C: Candida albicans is a fungal infection, but it typically affects mucous membranes like the mouth and throat, not the lungs as specified in the question.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is contributing to a teaching plan. What information should the nurse include that identifies the methods in which HIV can be transmitted? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: HIV is primarily transmitted through body fluids containing high concentrations of the virus, such as semen. Step 2: Semen contains a high viral load, making it a common mode of HIV transmission. Step 3: Other body fluids like urine, sweat, and saliva do not typically contain high enough levels of the virus to transmit HIV. Step 4: Therefore, option D (Semen) is correct as it aligns with the established modes of HIV transmission. Summary: Urine, sweat, and saliva do not pose a significant risk for HIV transmission due to their low viral load. Semen, on the other hand, contains high concentrations of the virus, making it a primary mode of transmission.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with AIDS is planning a trip to Mexico. What teaching should the nurse provide to this patient to prevent the development of an opportunistic infection? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use beach towels. Using beach towels can help prevent skin infections caused by exposure to contaminated surfaces. Walking barefoot (B) can increase the risk of skin infections. Eating raw fruits or vegetables (C) is not directly related to preventing opportunistic infections in this scenario. Cleaning bathroom supplies with bleach (D) is important for general hygiene but not specific to preventing opportunistic infections.