The nurse completes medication education for the client receiving antihistamines. The nurse evaluates that learning has occurred when the client makes which statement?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D, "This medication could make me very sleepy," is the correct answer. This statement demonstrates understanding by the client that antihistamines are known to cause drowsiness as a common side effect. It shows that the client comprehends a potential effect of the medication and can take precautions, such as avoiding activities that require alertness. Option A, "I can still have my after-dinner drink," is incorrect because consuming alcohol while taking antihistamines can potentiate the sedative effects, leading to increased drowsiness and impairment. Option B, "I need to increase fluids while taking this medication," is incorrect as antihistamines do not typically require increased fluid intake unless specified by a healthcare provider for other reasons. Option C, "This medication is safe because it is sold over-the-counter (OTC)," is incorrect because while antihistamines are available OTC, they still carry risks and potential side effects that need to be understood by the client. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of medication education and the need for clients to be informed about the potential effects and precautions associated with their prescribed medications to promote safe and effective use. It underscores the significance of clear communication between healthcare providers and clients to ensure optimal medication management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Enalapril (Vasotec) because it is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, which is commonly used to treat hypertension especially in patients with comorbidities like diabetes. ACE inhibitors work by dilating blood vessels, reducing blood pressure, and decreasing the workload on the heart. In this case, the patient's blood pressure has improved with lifestyle modifications, but it is still elevated, so adding an antihypertensive medication like Enalapril is appropriate. Option B) Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic used to treat conditions like edema and congestive heart failure, not typically first-line for hypertension management. Option C) Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) is a thiazide diuretic commonly used to treat hypertension, but since the patient has diabetes, ACE inhibitors are preferred due to their renal protective effects. Option D) Propranolol (Inderal) is a beta-blocker, also used for hypertension, but not the first choice in a patient with diabetes due to potential adverse effects on glucose metabolism. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind selecting appropriate antihypertensive medications based on individual patient characteristics is crucial for nursing practice. It involves considering comorbidities, side effect profiles, and evidence-based guidelines to ensure safe and effective care for patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) the availability of more comprehensive information. Electronic health records (EHRs) provide health care providers with a centralized system where all patient information is stored digitally. This allows for easy access to a patient's complete medical history, lab results, medication lists, and more, leading to more comprehensive care and informed decision-making. Option A) identification of differential diagnoses is not the primary benefit of EHRs. While EHRs can assist in organizing data for diagnostic purposes, the main advantage lies in the accessibility of comprehensive patient information. Option B) improved face-to-face interactions with patients is a valid aspect of patient care, but it is not a direct benefit of EHRs. Providers may use EHRs to reference important patient data during interactions, but the core benefit is the availability of comprehensive information. Option C) the ability to share information nationally is another potential benefit of EHRs in terms of interoperability and continuity of care across different healthcare settings. However, this is not the primary benefit highlighted in the context of the question. In an educational context, understanding the benefits of EHRs is crucial for healthcare providers as technology continues to play a significant role in modern healthcare delivery. By utilizing EHRs effectively, providers can enhance patient care, streamline processes, and improve outcomes through access to comprehensive and up-to-date patient information.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer to the question, "Which profile characterizes the older adult with the highest risk for suicide?" is option C) Single, White, and male. In the context of older adults, being male and single are two significant risk factors for suicide. Men are more likely to die by suicide than women, and being single or socially isolated can contribute to feelings of loneliness and hopelessness. Additionally, older adults who are White have been shown to have higher rates of completed suicide compared to other racial groups. Option A) Divorced, Asian, and female is less likely to be associated with the highest risk for suicide in older adults. While divorce can be a risk factor for suicide, Asian females in the older adult population generally have lower suicide rates compared to other demographic groups. Option B) Being married and part of the Amish community would typically provide a strong social support network, which can be protective against suicide risk. Option D) Widowed African-American males may also be at risk for suicide, but statistically, older White males have a higher rate of completed suicide. Educationally, it is important for healthcare providers to understand the demographic factors that can contribute to an increased risk of suicide in older adults. This knowledge can help inform screening, assessment, and intervention strategies to better support the mental health and well-being of older adult patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct initial action for the adult psychiatric and mental health nurse practitioner before implementing evidence-based practice changes is to facilitate a collaborative multidisciplinary group to synthesize evidence and compare key themes (Option C). This option is the most appropriate because it emphasizes the importance of collaboration, evidence synthesis, and analysis in making informed decisions. Option A is incorrect because simply brainstorming with stakeholders and drafting a problem list may not involve a comprehensive analysis of evidence. Option B is incorrect as comparing data with benchmarks and coordinating education does not necessarily involve synthesizing evidence with a multidisciplinary team. Option D is incorrect because while identifying barriers and facilitators is crucial, it does not encompass the comprehensive approach of synthesizing evidence with a multidisciplinary group. In an educational context, it is essential for nurse practitioners to understand the significance of evidence-based practice in providing high-quality care. Collaborating with a multidisciplinary team helps in gaining diverse perspectives, analyzing evidence comprehensively, and making well-informed decisions that align with best practices and patient outcomes. This approach promotes a holistic and effective way of implementing practice changes in psychiatric and mental health settings.