The nurse cares for a dehydrated client who has diarrhea. Which is the following lab values reflect dehydration? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cr 2.1. Creatinine (Cr) is a waste product that the kidneys normally filter out. In dehydration, kidney function may be impaired, leading to increased serum creatinine levels. Elevated creatinine is a common indicator of dehydration. Choice B: K+ 4.9 is not directly related to dehydration. Potassium levels are more affected by renal function and electrolyte balance. Choice C: BUN 45. Elevated BUN levels can indicate dehydration, but it is not as specific as creatinine in reflecting dehydration. Choice D: Na+ 150 is not a specific marker for dehydration. Sodium levels can be affected by various factors, including fluid intake and renal function.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Autocratic. This leadership style involves the leader making decisions independently without consulting the team. In this scenario, the nurse manager being the sole decision-maker aligns with the autocratic style. This style can be efficient in urgent situations or when clear direction is needed. B: Democratic leadership involves team collaboration in decision-making, which is not demonstrated here. C: Quantum leadership focuses on adaptability and change, not the sole decision-making aspect. D: Situational leadership adapts based on the situation and the readiness of the team, not necessarily the manager making all decisions alone.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oral. This route involves administering medication through the mouth. It is a common and convenient method for most medications. Otic (choice B) is for ear medications, not oral. Nares (choice C) is for nose medications, not oral. Buccal (choice D) is for medications placed between the cheek and gum, not solely oral. Oral administration is the most appropriate choice as it directly relates to medication given through the mouth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Quantitative. In this scenario, the program chairperson is collecting numerical data (number of nursing students working in clinical setting), which is characteristic of quantitative research. This method focuses on quantifying variables to analyze patterns and relationships. Qualitative research (A) involves collecting non-numerical data to understand experiences and perspectives. Meta-analysis (C) involves synthesizing results of multiple studies. Longitudinal (D) research tracks the same subjects over a period of time, which is not directly relevant to this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The mid-twentieth century saw significant expansion of nursing roles during World War II due to increased demand for healthcare services, marking a key advancement in the profession.