The nurse anticipates that which one is prescribed to prevent a common bacterial complication from the dog bite?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic commonly prescribed for the prevention of bacterial infections that can result from animal bites, such as dog bites. Dog bites are often contaminated with bacteria and can lead to infections, particularly from organisms such as Pasteurella multocida. Ciprofloxacin is effective against a broad range of bacteria, including those commonly found in animal bites, making it a suitable choice for infection prophylaxis in this scenario. Ibuprofen is a pain reliever and anti-inflammatory medication, tetanus toxoid is given to prevent tetanus infection, and meperidine is a narcotic analgesic used for pain relief, but none of these options specifically target bacterial prevention in the case of a dog bite.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When a baby is placed on phototherapy, especially for treating jaundice, it is crucial for the nurses to put sunglasses on the newborn to protect their eyes. Phototherapy involves exposing the baby's skin to certain types of light to help break down the bilirubin causing the jaundice. However, this light can be harmful to the baby's sensitive eyes, potentially leading to eye damage or other eye-related issues if not protected adequately. Therefore, placing sunglasses on the newborn is a necessary precaution to ensure the safety and well-being of the baby's eyes during the treatment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Children with ADHD often display hyperactive and impulsive behaviors, such as excessive running, climbing, and fidgeting. These behaviors are characteristic symptoms of the hyperactive-impulsive subtype of ADHD. Children with ADHD may struggle to sit still, have difficulty engaging in quiet activities, and often seem on the go. Therefore, the nurse would expect to see signs of excessive movement and restlessness in a child with ADHD.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the scenario described, the patient was considered an emergency case upon referral to the tertiary hospital. Since a specialist was immediately called for by the nurse, the most likely specialist needed in an emergency situation is a neurologist. Neurologists are physicians who specialize in diagnosing and treating disorders of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. In an emergency case where a patient's neurological condition needs urgent attention, a neurologist would be the most appropriate specialist to address the situation promptly and effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In a patient with severe abdominal pain due to end-stage pancreatic cancer, the priority intervention to manage their symptoms would be to provide adequate pain relief. Opioid analgesics are the cornerstone of pain management for cancer patients experiencing severe pain. They work by binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system, thereby reducing the perception of pain. Opioids are highly effective in managing cancer pain, including abdominal pain, and can significantly improve the patient's quality of life by providing relief from distressing symptoms. Therefore, administering opioid analgesics should be the nurse's primary intervention in this case to address the patient's severe abdominal pain. Initiating enteral nutrition, recommending hot compresses, or referring to a gastroenterologist may be relevant interventions depending on the patient's overall care plan but addressing the pain should be the immediate priority in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Grounded theory is a qualitative research method that focuses on generating theory from data rather than testing pre-existing theories. In this scenario, where the goal is to explore social processes observed in the delivery room activities, grounded theory would be the most appropriate method. This method allows researchers to systematically collect and analyze data in order to develop theoretical explanations for social phenomena. By using grounded theory, researchers can explore the interactions, behaviors, and social processes at play in the delivery room in a structured and systematic way, thereby gaining insights into these phenomena through an inductive approach.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In cases of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), a significant factor contributing to the elevated ICP is often the mass effect caused by the hematoma within the brain. Performing an emergent craniotomy for hematoma evacuation is a critical intervention to relieve the pressure within the intracranial space, thereby mitigating the risk of herniation and further neurological damage. While other interventions such as hypertonic saline therapy, head-of-bed elevation, and sedative medications may have supporting roles in managing ICP, none address the primary cause of elevated ICP in cases of acute intracerebral hemorrhage as effectively as hematoma evacuation through craniotomy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: As an epidemiology nurse, Nurse Rona's primary function and responsibility is to implement public health surveillance. Epidemiology nurses play a crucial role in monitoring and controlling the spread of diseases within communities. This involves conducting surveillance activities to identify patterns of disease occurrence, investigating outbreaks, collecting and analyzing data, and collaborating with various stakeholders to develop strategies for disease prevention and control. While providing nursing care to sick residents is important, the primary focus of an epidemiology nurse is on population-based health issues rather than individual patient care. Additionally, while Nurse Rona may assist epidemiologists in making reports and follow up cases and contacts, her main role is to implement public health surveillance to protect and promote the health of the community as a whole.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presentation of sudden-onset unilateral facial droop, arm weakness, and slurred speech that partially resolved within 30 minutes is more consistent with a transient ischemic attack (TIA) rather than an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. TIAs are caused by temporary decreases in blood flow to a specific area of the brain, leading to transient neurological deficits that typically last for less than 24 hours. In this case, the symptoms partially resolving suggest a temporary and reversible ischemic event, characteristic of a TIA. Ischemic strokes involve more prolonged or permanent impairment due to blockage of a blood vessel supplying the brain, while hemorrhagic strokes involve bleeding within the brain tissue or the surrounding membranes.