The nurse and the nursing assistive personnel (NAP) are caring for a group of postoperative patients who need turning, coughing, deep breathing, incentive spirometer, and leg exercises. Which task will the nurse assign to the NAP?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because informing the nurse if the patient is unwilling to perform exercises falls within the NAP's scope of practice and ensures patient safety. Teaching postoperative exercises (choice A) should be done by the nurse due to the complexity of the task. Doing nothing (choice B) would not meet the patients' needs. Documenting in the medical record (choice C) should be done by the nurse to ensure accurate and comprehensive documentation. Therefore, choice D is the most appropriate task to assign to the NAP in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.1 mg/mL of a 1:10,000 concentration of epinephrine delivered via the intraosseous route. In neonatal resuscitation, when a newborn fails to respond to initial resuscitative efforts, the next step is to administer epinephrine. In this scenario, the recommended dose for neonates is 0.1 mg/mL of a 1:10,000 concentration of epinephrine. Delivering it via the intraosseous route in this critical situation ensures rapid absorption and distribution, potentially improving the newborn's heart rate and perfusion. Choice B is incorrect as the intramuscular route is not as effective and rapid in neonatal resuscitation compared to the intraosseous route. Choice C is also incorrect as delivering epinephrine via the endotracheal tube route is not recommended due to poor absorption and efficacy. Choice D is incorrect as intravenous access might not

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.5 to 1 inch. After passing through the vocal cords, the endotracheal tube should be advanced 0.5 to 1 inch to ensure proper placement in the trachea above the carina. This allows the cuff to seal the trachea and prevent aspiration. Advancing the tube less than 1 cm (B) may result in the tube being in the esophagus. Advancing it 2 to 3 cm (C) may lead to the tube being too deep in the trachea or mainstem bronchus. Advancing it 1 to 2.5 inches (D) risks the tube entering the right main bronchus. Thus, the correct range of advancement is 0.5 to 1 inch to achieve optimal placement and patient safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Spontaneous pneumothorax. In this scenario, the presence of small pockets of air in the subcutaneous tissue of the chest indicates air escaping from the lung into the subcutaneous tissue due to a lung pathology. Spontaneous pneumothorax, a condition where air accumulates in the pleural space causing lung collapse, is the most likely cause in this case. Bacterial pneumonia (A) typically presents with lung consolidation and does not lead to subcutaneous emphysema. Dry pleurisy (C) is inflammation of the pleura without the presence of fluid or air in the pleural space. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (D) is characterized by airflow limitation and does not directly cause subcutaneous emphysema.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Respiratory acidosis. In this scenario, the patient's shallow and irregular respirations lead to inadequate ventilation, causing CO2 retention. This results in an increase in blood CO2 levels, leading to respiratory acidosis. The low SpO2 suggests poor oxygenation but is not directly related to the acid-base imbalance. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the symptoms described are more indicative of respiratory acidosis due to hypoventilation.