The nurse advises the parents of a child who is in status asthmaticus that if not corrected, the result could be:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because status asthmaticus can lead to pneumothorax due to increased air trapping, severe hypoxemia from impaired gas exchange, and respiratory arrest from respiratory muscle fatigue. Pneumothorax can occur due to increased intrathoracic pressure during an asthma attack. Hypertension, CVA, and cardiac arrest (choice B) are not typical complications of status asthmaticus. Respiratory alkalosis, pneumonia, and death (choice C) are less likely outcomes compared to the severe complications mentioned in choice A. Lung abscess, cor pulmonale, and respiratory failure (choice D) are not directly associated with the pathophysiology of status asthmaticus.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: larynx. The vocal cords are located in the larynx, specifically in the upper part known as the glottis. The glottis is a space within the larynx where the vocal cords are situated. The pharynx (B) is the passageway for both food and air, the trachea (D) is the windpipe connecting the larynx to the lungs. The vocal cords are responsible for producing sound by vibrating as air passes through them, and this process occurs in the larynx. Therefore, the correct answer is C: larynx.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (2, 4) - cardiovascular system and respiratory system. The cardiovascular system transports O2 from the lungs to the cells and carries CO2 away for elimination by the respiratory system. The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange, bringing O2 into the body and removing CO2. The other choices are incorrect because: A (3, 5) - The urinary system (3) filters waste from the blood and maintains fluid balance, while the endocrine system (5) regulates hormones and metabolism; neither directly supply O2 or eliminate CO2. C (1, 2) - The digestive system (1) processes food and absorbs nutrients, not involved in gas exchange; the cardiovascular system (2) does cooperate but alone is not sufficient. D (1, 2, 2004) - Choice 2004 is incorrect as it is not a valid option.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because expiration involves the relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. During expiration, the diaphragm moves up and the intercostal muscles relax, causing the thoracic cavity to decrease in volume. This increase in pressure forces air out of the lungs. Choice B is incorrect as it describes the process of inspiration, not expiration. Choice C is incorrect because expiration involves both the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, not just the diaphragm muscles. Choice D is incorrect as the intercostal muscles also relax during expiration, rather than contracting.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A type of bacteria. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a type of bacteria. This bacterium infects the lungs and can spread to other parts of the body. The other choices (B: A virus, C: A protozoan, D: Malnutrition) are incorrect because tuberculosis is specifically caused by a bacterial infection, not a virus, protozoan, or malnutrition. Bacteria can be identified through specific staining techniques and culture methods, distinguishing them from viruses and protozoa. Malnutrition is a risk factor for developing tuberculosis but is not the direct cause of the disease.