ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse administers medications by various routes of delivery. The nurse recognizes which route of administration as requiring higher dosages of drugs to achieve a therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oral drugs face first-pass metabolism in the liver, reducing bioavailability, so higher doses are needed for therapeutic effect compared to IV (100% bioavailability), sublingual (bypasses liver), or rectal (partial bypass). Oral route's loss to metabolism drives dosage needs, a pharmacokinetic distinction.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is giving medications to a patient in heart failure. The intravenous route is chosen instead of the intramuscular route. The nurse knows that the factor that most influences the decision about which route to use is the patient's
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In patients with heart failure, diminished circulation is a significant concern. The intravenous (IV) route is preferred over the intramuscular (IM) route because it ensures rapid and reliable drug delivery, especially in patients with compromised cardiac output. IM injections rely on adequate blood flow for absorption, which may be impaired in heart failure due to poor circulation. Altered biliary function, increased glomerular filtration, and reduced liver metabolism are less relevant to the choice of administration route in this context. Therefore, diminished circulation is the primary factor influencing the decision to use the IV route.
Question 3 of 5
When administering Phenytoin you should monitor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When administering Phenytoin, it is important to monitor all of the listed parameters - behavior, therapeutic blood levels, and for Steven Johnson syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse administers medications by various routes of delivery. The nurse recognizes which route of administration as requiring higher dosages of drugs to achieve a therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oral drugs face first-pass metabolism in the liver, reducing bioavailability, so higher doses are needed for therapeutic effect compared to IV (100% bioavailability), sublingual (bypasses liver), or rectal (partial bypass). Oral route's loss to metabolism drives dosage needs, a pharmacokinetic distinction.
Question 5 of 5
A patient diagnosed with malignant melanoma, a skin cancer, is treated with interferon alfa-2a. The nurse teaches this patient about which side effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Flulike syndrome, characterized by fever, chills, fatigue, and muscle aches, is a common side effect of interferon alfa-2a. This occurs because the drug stimulates the immune system, mimicking the body's response to a viral infection. While gastrointestinal symptoms may occur, they are less common than flulike syndrome. Interferon alfa-2a does not typically cause an increase in white or red blood cells. The nurse should educate the patient about managing flulike symptoms, such as using antipyretics and staying hydrated.