ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse administers IV mannitol to a client with cerebral edema. Which parameter should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, reduces cerebral edema by drawing fluid into the vasculature, excreted via urine. Monitoring urine output ensures efficacy and prevents fluid overload or renal strain, critical in brain injury. BP and pupils matter but follow diuresis. Temperature is unrelated. Urine output aligns with mannitol's action, key in cerebral edema where ICP reduction hinges on fluid shift, making A the priority parameter.
Question 2 of 5
The following oral drugs do not require absorption from the gut to exert a therapeutic effect:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orlistat works within the gastrointestinal tract by inhibiting pancreatic lipase, reducing fat absorption directly without systemic absorption.
Question 3 of 5
This is an act to promote and ensure the production of an adequate supply, distribution, use and acceptance of the drug identified by their generic names is the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Republic Act 6675, known as the Generics Act of 1988, is the act in the Philippines that promotes and ensures the production of an adequate supply, distribution, use, and acceptance of drugs identified by their generic names. The main goal of this act is to make quality generic medicines more accessible and affordable to the public. By encouraging the use of generic drugs, R.A 6675 aims to provide Filipinos with more affordable options for their healthcare needs while maintaining the quality and effectiveness of the medications. This act helps promote transparency in drug pricing and provides regulations to ensure the safety and efficacy of generic medicines in the country.
Question 4 of 5
A 74-year-old woman with a history of atrial fibrillation presents to the emergency department after bowel movement with bright red blood. Her blood pressure is 88/56 mm Hg with a pulse of 118 beats/minute. She is on warfarin for anticoagulation and a stat INR is 7.2. The decision is made to start transfusing blood. What is the most appropriate treatment to reverse the warfarin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warfarin overdose (INR 7.2, bleeding) needs reversal. Vitamin K -restores clotting factors long-term. Fresh frozen plasma acts faster but isn't sole therapy. Platelets don't reverse. Protamine is for heparin. Whole blood (E) isn't specific. Vitamin K is standard.
Question 5 of 5
A patient calls the clinic office saying that the cholestyramine (Questran) powder he started yesterday clumps and sticks to the glass when he tries to mix it. The nurse will suggest what method for mixing this medication for administration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should suggest the patient mix the cholestyramine powder with food or fruit, or at least 4 to 6 ounces of fluid. Cholestyramine is a medication that works by binding with bile acids in the intestine, which requires mixing the powder with a sufficient amount of fluid to ensure proper administration. Mixing the powder with 4 to 6 ounces of fluid or food will help prevent clumping and ensure optimal effectiveness of the medication. Mixing it with a carbonated soda drink (option A) may not be ideal as the effervescence could affect the medication's stability. Adding the powder to any liquid and stirring vigorously (option B) may not effectively dissolve the powder. Taking the powder dry followed by a glass of water (option E) may also not be as effective in ensuring proper administration as when mixed with food or fluid.