The nurse administers a variety of drugs to a patient. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because mixing drugs in dessert poses a risk of incorrect dosage, interaction, or reduced effectiveness. This statement indicates a lack of understanding about medication safety, administration, and effectiveness. Option A is a correct statement about sublingual nitroglycerin administration. Option B emphasizes proper labeling for high-alert drugs. Option D is incorrect as crushing and adding water before disposing is a safe medication disposal practice. Mixing drugs with food could lead to unpredictable outcomes and must be avoided.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Liver. Bio-transformation of drugs mainly occurs in the liver due to the presence of enzymes responsible for metabolizing drugs. The liver plays a crucial role in breaking down drugs into metabolites that can be excreted from the body. The kidney (A) primarily filters and eliminates waste products, not metabolize drugs. The spleen (B) is involved in filtering blood and immune response, not drug metabolism. The brain (C) is mainly responsible for neurological functions, not drug metabolism. Thus, the liver is the primary site for bio-transformation of drugs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are cholinergic, meaning they release acetylcholine. Step 2: In the autonomic nervous system, preganglionic neurons synapse with postganglionic neurons in ganglia. Step 3: Since preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine, they will also release acetylcholine at the synapse in the ganglion. Summary: - Dopamine, serotonin, and GABA are not typically released by sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons. - Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter released by cholinergic neurons in the autonomic nervous system, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: - Endorphin is a neuropeptide hormone, not an eicosanoid derived from fatty acids. - Prostacyclin, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins are all eicosanoids produced from fatty acids. - Endorphins are produced in the brain and nervous system, mainly known for their role in pain regulation. - Eicosanoids play roles in inflammation, blood clotting, and regulating blood pressure. - Therefore, the correct answer is C, Endorphin, as it is not an eicosanoid derived from fatty acids.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fatty tissue. Drugs with a large volume of distribution (Vd) distribute extensively into tissues, especially those with high lipid content like fatty tissue. Lipophilic drugs tend to accumulate in fatty tissues due to their high lipid solubility. This leads to a higher volume of distribution as the drug is not primarily confined to the blood but distributed into tissues. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because drugs with a large Vd are not typically confined to the GI tract, interstitial tissue, or intravascular fluid, as they distribute widely throughout the body.