The nurse administers a central nervous system stimulant to a patient. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that an idiosyncratic event is occurring?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An idiosyncratic event is a reaction opposite to what the effects of the medication normally are, or the patient overreacts or underreacts to the medication. Falls asleep is an opposite effect of what a central nervous system stimulant should do. A stimulant should make a patient restless and alert. A pruritic (itch) rash could indicate an allergic reaction.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse should use knowledge about the medication to educate the patient about potential response to medications. Then the medication schedule can be altered based on that knowledge. It is the patient's right to refuse medication; however, the nurse should educate the patient on the importance and effects of the medication. Asking a patient to fit a schedule around a medication is unreasonable and will decrease compliance. The nurse should be supportive and should offer solutions to manage medication effects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Needles should not be forced into the box. Clearly mark receptacles to warn of danger. Using needleless systems when possible, will further reduce the risk of needlestick injury. To prevent the risk of needlesticks, the nurse should never recap needles. The syringe and sheath are disposed of together in a receptacle.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In medication administration, calculating the infusion rate accurately is crucial to ensure patient safety and treatment effectiveness. For this question, the correct answer is option C (31 dpm) because it accurately reflects the calculation needed to complete the 1000 mL normal saline infusion in 8 hours using a giving set with a drop factor of 15 drops per mL. To understand why the other options are incorrect: - Option A (11 dpm) is too low and would result in an incomplete infusion within the designated time frame. - Option B (15 dpm) is the drop factor of the giving set, not the total drops needed per minute to complete the infusion on time. - Option D (35 dpm) is too high and would result in an excessively rapid infusion, potentially causing harm to the patient. Educationally, this question reinforces the importance of precise calculations in medication administration. Nurses and healthcare professionals must accurately determine infusion rates to deliver medications or fluids as prescribed by healthcare providers. Understanding drop factors, volume to be infused, and time constraints are essential components of safe medication administration practices, emphasizing the need for attention to detail and mathematical proficiency in clinical settings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer to the question is option B) listen to them and acknowledge their concerns. This response is the most appropriate because it demonstrates empathy, validates the resident/patient's feelings, and shows that their concerns are being heard and understood. By actively listening and acknowledging their feelings of being a burden, the staff member can provide emotional support and build trust with the resident/patient. Option A) talk to them about something else to distract them is not the best choice in this situation because it dismisses the resident/patient's feelings of being a burden and does not address the underlying issue. Distracting them may provide temporary relief but does not offer genuine support. Option C) contact their family to visit and keep them company may be a good idea in general to provide companionship and support, but it does not directly address the resident/patient's feelings of being a burden. It is important to first address the resident/patient's concerns and emotions before involving others. Option D) tell them they don't need to apologize because they are no trouble, while well-intentioned, may come across as dismissive of the resident/patient's feelings. It is crucial to validate their emotions and provide a listening ear rather than simply negating their concerns. In an educational context, it is essential for healthcare professionals, especially those working in aged care facilities, to develop strong communication and interpersonal skills. This includes active listening, empathy, and the ability to validate and address the emotions and concerns of residents/patients. By choosing the appropriate response in such situations, staff can create a supportive and caring environment that enhances the well-being and satisfaction of residents/patients in their care.