The nurse administers a booster dose of DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis) vaccine to an infant. Which level of prevention is the nurse implementing?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. The nurse is administering a DTaP vaccine to prevent the occurrence of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis in the infant. Primary prevention aims to prevent diseases before they occur by promoting vaccinations and healthy behaviors. This booster dose is part of the routine immunization schedule recommended for infants to build immunity against these diseases. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Tertiary prevention - Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and reducing the impact of established diseases to prevent complications and disabilities. Administering a vaccine to prevent diseases falls under primary prevention. C: Secondary prevention - Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of diseases to prevent progression. Administering a vaccine to prevent diseases is considered primary prevention. D: Primary nursing - Primary nursing is a care delivery model where a primary nurse is responsible for coordinating and providing care to a specific group of patients. It is not related to the administration of vaccines for disease prevention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it directly addresses the immediate action needed by the home health nurse. Prioritizing actions ensures timely and appropriate care delivery. Choice A focuses on reporting without proposing a solution. Choice C suggests a non-urgent intervention. Choice D is incomplete and does not provide any guidance. In summary, choosing option B ensures prompt and effective care management for the client.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because addressing the low immunization rate of children is crucial for preventing the spread of diseases and promoting community health. This step ensures the well-being of the most vulnerable population. Option A lacks specificity and doesn't prioritize health issues. Option B, unemployment, is important but may not directly impact health outcomes. Option D, substandard healthcare provision, is a valid concern but addressing immunization first can prevent diseases and reduce the burden on healthcare services.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thinning of the skin with loss of elasticity. As individuals age, the skin becomes thinner and loses its elasticity, making it more susceptible to damage and slower healing. This puts the 70-year-old male client at a higher risk for developing decubitus ulcers due to increased vulnerability of the skin to pressure and shearing forces. A: 16% increase in overall body fat - While increased body fat may impact overall health, it is not directly related to the development of decubitus ulcers. B: Reduced melanin production - Melanin production affects skin color and UV protection, but it is not directly linked to the risk of decubitus ulcers. D: Calcium loss in the bones - While calcium loss can lead to osteoporosis and bone fractures, it is not the primary factor contributing to decubitus ulcers in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Measles resulting from a daycare center outbreak, as it is acquired through indirect transmission. Measles spreads through respiratory droplets in the air, which can contaminate surfaces and objects in a shared environment like a daycare center. This indirect transmission occurs when a susceptible individual comes into contact with contaminated surfaces or objects. Choice A, syphilis contracted from a sexual partner, is an example of direct transmission through sexual contact. Choice C, malaria following exposure in a mosquito-infested area, is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito, which is considered vector-borne transmission. In summary, the indirect transmission of measles in a daycare center outbreak distinguishes it from the other choices, which involve direct or vector-borne modes of transmission.