ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor milrinone (Primacor) recognizes that this drug will have a positive inotropic effect. Which result reflects this effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Milrinone (Primacor) is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that acts by increasing the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in cardiac muscle cells. This leads to an increased force of cardiac contractions, which is known as a positive inotropic effect. This effect results in the heart muscle contracting more forcefully, leading to an increased cardiac output. The other options (A. Increased heart rate, B. Increased blood vessel dilation, D. Increased conduction of electrical impulses across the heart) do not directly relate to the inotropic effect of milrinone.
Question 2 of 5
Why is it important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ACE inhibitors are known to cause a decrease in blood pressure as part of their mechanism of action. Monitoring the patient's blood pressure regularly while on ACE inhibitors is crucial to identify any significant drops that may lead to hypotension. This proactive monitoring allows healthcare providers to adjust the dosage of the medication or provide necessary interventions to prevent adverse effects such as dizziness, syncope, or compromised tissue perfusion. Monitoring ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors primarily focuses on assessing for potential decreased blood pressure as a key safety measure during treatment.
Question 3 of 5
What is the therapeutic use for Lithium?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium is commonly used as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder. It is particularly effective in reducing the frequency and severity of manic episodes. By stabilizing mood and decreasing manic symptoms, lithium helps to prevent the occurrence of acute manic episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder. It does not specifically target blood pressure, seizure activity, or urinary output.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is administering Lithium to her patient. The nurse knows that Lithium is used to treat which of the following disorders?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lithium is commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder, specifically for managing acute manic episodes and preventing future episodes of mania or depression. It helps stabilize mood and reduce the frequency and severity of mood swings in individuals with bipolar disorder. Lithium works by modulating neurotransmitter activity in the brain, particularly affecting the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine. It is not indicated for the treatment of hypertension, nausea, or thyroid disorders.
Question 5 of 5
A client is admitted to the emergency room complaining of difficulty of breathing and upon auscultation, the nurse noted that the patient has wheezes. An allergic reaction to penicillin was
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator commonly used in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory conditions. In this scenario where the patient is experiencing difficulty breathing and wheezing, albuterol is the most appropriate medication to administer first. Albuterol works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways, which helps to open up the air passages and improve breathing. It can provide quick relief of symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. In an emergency situation like this, it is crucial to address the underlying airway constriction promptly, making albuterol the priority medication to administer. This will help improve the patient's breathing and stabilize their respiratory status before considering other medications such as corticosteroids or theophylline.