The number of cases of Dengue fever usually increases towards the end of the rainy season. This pattern of occurrence of Dengue fever is best described as;

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cyclical variation. This is because the pattern of Dengue fever cases increasing towards the end of the rainy season suggests a recurring cycle or pattern over time. Epidemic occurrence (A) refers to a sudden and widespread increase in cases, which is not supported by the gradual increase described. Sporadic occurrence (C) refers to isolated cases with no clear pattern, which contradicts the described seasonal increase. Secular occurrence (D) refers to long-term trends over decades, which is not applicable to the short-term seasonal pattern described. Thus, the best description is cyclical variation due to the predictable increase in cases towards the end of the rainy season.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sensitivity. Sensitivity refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify those with the disease (true positive rate). In the context of sputum examination for pulmonary tuberculosis, a false negative result means the test failed to detect the disease in individuals who actually have it, indicating low sensitivity. Choices A, B, and C are not the correct answers because effectiveness refers to the overall impact of the test, efficacy refers to the ability to produce a desired effect under ideal conditions, and specificity refers to the ability of the test to correctly identify those without the disease (true negative rate).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: RA 8483. This law specifically created the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care. The rationale behind this is that RA 8483 was enacted to establish and promote traditional and alternative health care practices in the Philippines. It outlines the functions and responsibilities of the institute, making it the most suitable choice among the options provided. Summary: - B: RA 4823 does not exist and is not related to the creation of the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care. - C: RA 2483 is also non-existent and does not pertain to the establishment of the institute. - D: RA 3482 is not the correct law as it is not associated with the creation of the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Presidential Decree No. 147. This decree, issued in 1973, officially adopted the Primary Health Care approach in the Philippines. It emphasized the importance of preventive and promotive health services at the community level. This legal basis laid the foundation for the implementation of Primary Health Care principles nationwide. A: The Alma Ata Declaration of Primary Health Care is a global statement of commitment to achieving Health for All by the year 2000, but it is not the legal basis for PHC in the Philippines. B: Letter of Instruction No 949 is a directive issued by the President for the implementation of the Barangay Health Workers Program, but it is not the legal basis for PHC in the Philippines. D: Presidential Decree 996 is not related to Primary Health Care in the Philippines.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (2,000). To estimate the number of children to be given Retinol capsule 200,000 every 6 months, we consider the age group of 1-4 years old. Assuming an average lifespan of 4 years per child, we divide the total number of capsules (200,000) by the frequency of administration every 6 months. So, 200,000 / 6 months = 33,333 capsules per month. Since we are targeting children aged 1-4 years, we multiply this by the number of months per age group (4 years * 12 months = 48 months). Therefore, 33,333 capsules/month * 48 months = 1,600,000 capsules. Considering some children may not require the capsules or may miss doses, we round down to the nearest feasible number, which is 2,000 children (option C). Choice A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align