ATI RN
Exam Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The normal rate and depth of breathing is established by the ________ center(s).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG) and Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG) are the centers in the brainstem responsible for controlling the rate and depth of breathing. The DRG primarily regulates inspiration, while the VRG is involved in both inspiration and expiration. The apneustic and pneumotaxic centers (choices A and B) are subregions within the pons that modulate the activity of the DRG and VRG but do not establish the baseline rate and depth of breathing. The expiratory center (choice D) is responsible for controlling only the expiratory phase of breathing and is not involved in setting the normal rate and depth of breathing.
Question 2 of 5
The collapse of lung is known as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: atelectasis. Atelectasis refers to the collapse of a lung or a part of a lung, leading to incomplete expansion of air sacs. This can be caused by various factors such as blockage of the airways or compression of the lung tissue. Pleurisy (A) is inflammation of the pleura, the lining around the lungs. Pleural effusion (B) is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. Pneumothorax (D) is the presence of air in the pleural space, leading to lung collapse. Atelectasis specifically describes the collapse of the lung itself, making it the correct choice.
Question 3 of 5
The most important factor in determining the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The partial pressure of O2. Oxygen saturation of hemoglobin is directly related to the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood. As the partial pressure of O2 increases, more oxygen binds to hemoglobin, leading to higher oxygen saturation. Acidity (choice B) and the partial pressure of CO2 (choice C) can influence the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, but they are not the primary factors determining oxygen saturation. Choice D is incomplete and not relevant to the question.
Question 4 of 5
The 75-year-old patient asks the nurse if the Pneumovax immunization he took when he was 65 is still protecting him. Which reply is most accurate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Pneumovax is recommended for adults aged 65 and older. Step 2: Immunity from Pneumovax decreases over time. Step 3: CDC recommends a second dose of Pneumovax after 5 years for those at highest risk. Step 4: Answer D is correct as it aligns with CDC guidelines for revaccination. Step 5: Other choices are incorrect as they do not reflect current recommendations or scientific evidence.
Question 5 of 5
Which class of drugs often inhibits carbonic anhydrase and is used for certain medical conditions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. These drugs inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which plays a role in various physiological processes. They are used to treat conditions such as glaucoma, epilepsy, and altitude sickness. Antibiotics (A) target bacterial infections, antihistamines (B) relieve allergy symptoms, and antidepressants (D) treat depression, making them unrelated to carbonic anhydrase inhibition.