ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
The normal ovary produces small amount of androgens including testosterone androstenedione and degydroepiandrosterone. This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the normal ovary does indeed produce small amounts of androgens such as testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone. This is a well-established fact in endocrinology. Choice B is incorrect because it contradicts the established knowledge about hormone production in the ovary. Choice C is incorrect as it doesn't provide any relevant information to confirm or deny the statement in the question. Choice D is incorrect because not all of the statements are true. Only option A correctly reflects the fact that the normal ovary produces small amounts of androgens.
Question 2 of 5
Immunomodulating agent is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because all three choices (Sirolimus, Levamisole, and Tacrolimus) are immunomodulating agents that work by modifying the immune response. Sirolimus inhibits T-cell activation, Levamisole enhances immune function, and Tacrolimus suppresses T-cell activation. Each agent targets specific components of the immune system to regulate the immune response. Therefore, the correct answer is D as all the listed options are immunomodulating agents. Choice A, Sirolimus, is an mTOR inhibitor used in immunosuppression. Choice B, Levamisole, is an immunostimulant used in treating parasitic infections. Choice C, Tacrolimus, is a calcineurin inhibitor used in immunosuppression.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following antienzymes is a fibrinolysis inhibitor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Aminocaproic acid. Aminocaproic acid is a known fibrinolysis inhibitor that works by preventing the breakdown of blood clots. It does this by inhibiting the activation of plasmin, the enzyme responsible for breaking down fibrin clots. Clavulanic acid and sulbactam are both beta-lactamase inhibitors used in combination with antibiotics to prevent bacterial resistance. Disulfiram is an alcohol deterrent used in the treatment of alcoholism and does not have any direct relation to fibrinolysis inhibition.
Question 4 of 5
Niacin’s most common side effects can be reduced by pretreatment with aspirin and/or by taking the drug at the end of meals. This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Niacin commonly causes side effects like flushing and itching due to prostaglandin release. 2. Aspirin inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, reducing niacin-induced flushing. 3. Taking niacin with meals slows absorption, minimizing side effects. 4. Therefore, pretreatment with aspirin and taking niacin at the end of meals can reduce its side effects. Summary: - Choice B is incorrect as the statement is true based on the rationale provided. - Choice C is incorrect as it implies all options are true, which is not the case. - Choice D is incorrect as the statement is true, so none of the choices are correct.
Question 5 of 5
The long-term effects of hypophosphatemia include proximal muscle weakness and abnormal bone mineralization (osteomalacia). This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because hypophosphatemia can lead to proximal muscle weakness and osteomalacia due to inadequate phosphate levels affecting muscle and bone health. Choice B is incorrect as the statement in the question is true. Choice C is incorrect as not all choices are correct. Choice D is incorrect as the statement is true, so it cannot be none.