ATI RN
FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The newborn with severe jaundice is at risk for developing:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Severe jaundice in a newborn puts them at risk for developing encephalopathy, which is a condition where bilirubin levels are significantly elevated and can lead to central nervous system dysfunction. If untreated or not managed promptly, high levels of bilirubin can potentially lead to brain damage. It is crucial to monitor and treat severe jaundice in newborns to prevent neurological complications like encephalopathy. Options B, C, and D are not directly associated with severe jaundice in newborns.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing acid-base laboratory data on a newborn admitted to the NICU for meconium aspiration. Which laboratory values should the nurse report to the physician? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct laboratory value that the nurse should report to the physician is option B) PCO2: 49. The high PCO2 value indicates respiratory acidosis, a condition commonly seen in newborns with meconium aspiration syndrome due to impaired gas exchange. This information is crucial for the physician to assess the baby's respiratory status and determine the appropriate intervention, such as initiating respiratory support or adjusting ventilator settings. The other options are incorrect: A) pH: 7.35 falls within the normal range for newborns (7.25-7.45) and does not indicate any immediate acid-base imbalance. C) HCO3-: 30 is within the normal range for newborns (22-32 mEq/L) and does not suggest a significant acid-base disturbance. D) PaO2: 96, though important for assessing oxygenation, is not the most relevant value in this case where respiratory acidosis is the primary concern. Understanding acid-base imbalances and interpreting laboratory values in neonates is crucial for nurses working in NICU settings. Recognizing abnormal values and knowing their implications is essential for providing timely and appropriate care to neonates with respiratory distress.
Question 3 of 5
When doing a nutritional assessment on a Hispanic family, the nurse learns that their diet consists mainly of vegetables, legumes, and starches. How should the nurse assess this diet?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should assess that the diet of the Hispanic family, which consists mainly of vegetables, legumes, and starches, may provide sufficient amino acids. While this diet may lack animal sources of protein commonly found in meat and milk, plant-based foods like legumes and grains can complement each other to provide all essential amino acids necessary for protein synthesis in the body. This combination of foods essentially forms a complete protein source, supporting overall nutritional needs. It's important for the nurse to recognize the potential nutritional value in the diet and offer education on balanced meal planning to ensure adequate protein intake for the family. The assessment should focus on the overall nutrient adequacy and not solely on the presence of specific food items.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to test a school-age child's vision. Which eye chart should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should use the Snellen letter chart to test a school-age child's vision. The Snellen chart is specifically designed to assess distance vision by having the child read rows of letters of various sizes from a specific distance. This chart is commonly used for vision screenings and has standardized letter sizes that help determine visual acuity. The other options listed - Denver Eye Screening Test, Allen picture card test, and Ishihara vision test - are not typically used for testing visual acuity in the same way the Snellen chart is.
Question 5 of 5
What is the correct sequence used when performing an abdominal assessment? Begin with the first technique and end with the last. Provide answer using lowercase letters separated by commas (e.g., a, b, c, d).
Correct Answer: c
Rationale: The correct sequence for performing an abdominal assessment is: C) Inspection, B) Palpation, A) Auscultation, D) Percussion. 1. **Inspection (C)**: This is the initial step as it allows the healthcare provider to observe any visible abnormalities such as distension, scars, or masses. It sets the foundation for the rest of the assessment. 2. **Palpation (B)**: This step involves gently feeling the abdomen to assess for tenderness, masses, organ enlargement, and areas of pain. Palpation follows inspection as it provides more detailed information about what was observed. 3. **Auscultation (A)**: Listening to bowel sounds using a stethoscope comes next. This order is important as palpation and auscultation can stimulate bowel sounds, potentially altering the assessment if done out of sequence. 4. **Percussion (D)**: Percussion, the final step, involves tapping the abdomen to assess the density of underlying tissues. This should be done last as it can also alter bowel sounds and potentially cause discomfort to the patient if done earlier. Educationally, understanding the correct sequence ensures a systematic and comprehensive abdominal assessment, leading to accurate findings and appropriate interventions. It also highlights the importance of following a standardized approach in clinical practice to ensure consistency and thoroughness in patient care.